Skip to main content
Social Sci LibreTexts

References

  1. Last updated
  2. Save as PDF
  • Page ID
    233093

    • \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    ( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)

    Citations by Chapter

    Introduction

    • Freire, P. & Macedo, D. (1987). Literacy: Reading the word and the world. Bergin & Garvey.
    • Geiger, A. W. (2018, August 27). America’s public school teachers are far less racially and ethnically diverse than their students. Pew Research Center. pewrsr.ch/2P2Wgf6
    • History of the OER movement (2021, March 18). Open Education Handbook. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Open_Education_Handbook/History_of_the_OER_movement
    • Horkheimer, M. (1972). Critical theory. Seabury Press.
    • Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). But that’s just good teaching! The case for culturally relevant pedagogy. Theory into Practice, 34(3), 159–165.
    • Ladson-Billings, G. (2001). Crossing over to Canaan: The journey of new teachers in diverse classrooms. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
    • Ladson-Billings, G. (2014). Culturally relevant pedagogy 2.0: A.K.A. the remix. Harvard Educational Review, 84(1), 74–84.
    • Creative Commons (n.d.). Open education. creativecommons.org/about/program-areas/education-oer/
    • Wiggins, G., & McTighe, J. (1998). Backward design. In Understanding by design (pp. 13–34). ASCD.

    Chapter 1

    • Boser, U. (2014). Teacher diversity revisited: A new state-by-state analysis. Center for American Progress. https://cdn.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/TeacherDiversity.pdf
    • Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation [CAEP] (2020a). Standard 3: Candidate recruitment, progression, and support. https://caepnet.org/standards/2022-itp/standard-3
    • Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation [CAEP] (2020b). Vision, mission, & goals. http://caepnet.org/about/vision-mission-goals
    • Council of Chief State School Officers [CCSSO] (2011, April). Interstate Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (InTASC) model core teaching standards: A resource for state dialogue. https://ccsso.org/sites/default/files/2017-11/InTASC_Model_Core_Teaching_Standards_2011.pdf
    • Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1(8). https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1989/iss1/8/
    • D’Amico, D., Pawlewicz, R.J., Earley, P.M., & McGeehan, A.P. (2017). Where are all the black teachers? Discrimination in the teacher labor market. Harvard Educational Review, 87(1), 26–49. doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-87.1.26.
    • Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). Teacher education and the American future. Journal of Teacher Education, 61(1–2), 35–47. doi:10.1177/0022487109348024
    • Darling-Hammond, L., Chung, R., & Frelow, F. (2002). Variation in teacher preparation: How well do different pathways prepare teachers to teach? Journal of Teacher Education, 53(4), 286–315.
    • Derman-Sparks, L., & Ramsey, P. G. (2006). What if all the kids are White? Anti-bias multicultural education with young children and families. Teachers College Press.
    • Fain, J. G. (2008). “Um, they weren’t thinking about their thinking”: Children’s talk about issues of oppression. Multicultural Perspectives, 10(4), 201–208.
    • Freire, P. (1973). Education for critical consciousness. Bloomsbury.
    • Gay, G. (2010). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). Teachers College Press.
    • Geiger, A. W. (2018). America’s public school teachers are far less racially and ethnically diverse than their students. Pew Research Center. pewrsr.ch/2P2Wgf6
    • Gorski, P. C. (2013). Reaching and teaching students in poverty: Strategies for erasing the opportunity gap. Teachers College Press.
    • Harro, B. (2000). Cycle of socialization. In M. Adams et al. (Eds.), Readings for diversity and social justice (pp. 15–21). Routledge.
    • Hegarty, S. (2001, January 21). Newcomers find toll of teaching is too high: Among those quitting are non-education majors thrust into challenging classrooms. St. Petersburg Times. https://web.archive.org/web/20160305011916/http://www.sptimes.com/News/012101/TampaBay/Newcomers_find_toll_o.shtml
    • Klein, R. (2017, April 12). Why aren’t there more black teachers? Racial discriminiation still plays a role. Huffpost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/teacher-racism-black-discrimination_n_58ebdcc2e4b0c89f912083dc
    • Milner, H.R., & Howard, T.C. (2004). Black teachers, black students, black communities, and Brown: Perspectives and insights from experts. The Journal of Negro Education, 73(3), 285–297.
    • Muijs, D., Kyriakides, L., van der Werf, G., Creemers, B., Timperley, H., & Earl, L. (2014). State of the art: Teacher effectiveness and professional learning. School Effectiveness and School Improvement: An International Journal of Research, Policy and Practice, 25(2), 231–256.
    • National Center for Education Statistics [NCES] (2020a, May). Characteristics of public school teachers. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/clr/public-school-teachers
    • National Center for Education Statistics [NCES] (2020b, May). Racial/ethnic enrollment in public schools. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cge/racial-ethnic-enrollment
    • NYU Steinhardt (2018, January 16). Teacher residency programs: A clinical way to prepare educators. https://teachereducation.steinhardt.nyu.edu/teacher-residency-programs/
    • Otto, S. A. (Ed.) (2004). Tongue-tied: The lives of multilingual children in public education. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
    • Stronge, J.H. (2018). Qualities of effective teachers: An introduction. ASCD. http://www.ascd.org/publications/books/118042/chapters/Qualities-of-Effective-Teachers@-An-Introduction.aspx
    • Thompson, O. (2019, June). School desegregation and black teacher employment. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w25990
    • U.S. Department of Education (2016). The state of racial diversity in the educator workforce. www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/highered/racial-diversity/state-racial-diversity-workforce.pdf.
    • Walker, R.J. (2008). Twelve characteristics of an effective teacher. Educational Horizons, 87(1), 61–68. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ815372.pdf
    • Wells, A.S., Fox, L., Cordova-Cobo, D. (2016). How racially diverse schools and classrooms can benefit all students. The Century Foundation. https://tcf.org/content/report/how-racially-diverse-schools-and-classrooms-can-benefit-all-students/
    • Wheeler, R. S., & Swords, R. (2006). Code-switching: Teaching Standard English in urban classrooms. National Council of Teachers of English.

    Chapter 2

    • Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C.§12101 et seq.
    • Atkinson, R., & Shiffrin, R. (1977). Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. Human Memory, 7–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-121050-2.50006-5
    • Bateman, D.F., & Bateman, C.F. (2014). A principal’s guide to special education. Council for Exceptional Children.
    • Berk, L.E. (2000). Child Development (5th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
    • Bray, B. (2019, March 10). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Blackfoot (Siksika) Nation beliefs. Rethinking Learning. https://barbarabray.net/2019/03/10/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-and-blackfoot-nation-beliefs/
    • Bridgman, T., Cummings, S., & Ballard, J. (2019). Who built Maslow’s pyramid? A history of the creation of management studies’ most famous symbol and its implications for management education. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 18(1), 81–98. doi.org/10.5465/amle.2017.0351
    • Carter, E.W., Moss, C.K., Asmus, J., Fesperman, E., Cooney, M., Brock, M.E., Lyons, G., Huber, H.B., & Vincent, L.B. (2015). Promoting inclusion, social connections, and learning through peer support arrangements. Teaching Exceptional Children, 48(1), 9–18. doi.org/10.1177/0040059915594784
    • CAST. (2018). Universal design for learning guidelines. http://udlguidelines.cast.org/?utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=none&utm_source=cast-about-udl
    • Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: The new psychology of success. Random House.
    • Education of All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, 20 U.S.C. §1401 et seq.
    • Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood and society (2nd ed.). Norton.
    • Finke, E.H., McNaughton, D.B., & Drager (2009). “All children can and should have the opportunity to learn”: General education teachers’ perspectives on including children with autism spectrum disorder who require AAC. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 25(2), 110–122. doi.org/10.1080/07434610902886206.
    • Gardner, H. (2004). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligences. Basic Books.
    • Gardner, H. (2006). Multiple intelligences: New horizons (2nd ed.). Basic Books.
    • Huitt, W., & Hummel, J. (2003). Piaget’s theory of cognitive development: Educational psychology interactive. Valdosta State University.
    • Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act, 20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq. (2004).
    • Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. (May, 2020). Students with disabilities. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cgg/students-with-disabilities
    • Lai, S.A., & Berkeley, S. (2012). High-stakes test accommodations: Research and practice. Learning Disability Quarterly, 35(3), 158–169. doi.org/10.1177/0731948711433874
    • Maslow, A. H. (1971). The farther reaches of human nature. Arkana/Penguin Books.
    • McLeod, S. (2018). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html
    • Michel, K. L. (2014, April 19). Maslow’s hierarchy connected to Blackfoot beliefs. A Digital Native American: Views of a Ho-Cunk Journalist. https://lincolnmichel.wordpress.com/2014/04/19/maslows-hierarchy-connected-to-blackfoot-beliefs/
    • Minnesota History Center. (2020). State hospitals: Historic patient records: Faribault state school and hospital. https://libguides.mnhs.org/sh/faribault
    • Piaget, J. (1972). The psychology of the child. Basic Books.
    • Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 504 Regulations, 34 C.F.R. §104.1 et seq.
    • Smith, T.E.C. (2001). Section 504, the ADA, and public schools: What educators need to know. Remedial and Special Education, 22(6), 335–343
    • Sousa, D.A., & Tomlinson, C.A. (2018). Differentiation and the brain: How neuroscience supports the learner-friendly classroom (2nd ed.). Solution Tree Press.
    • U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), “Local Education Agency Universe Survey,” 2018–19. See Digest of Education Statistics 2020, table 204.20. https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cgf
    • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
    • Vygotsky, L. (1986). Thought and language. MIT Press.
    • Wehmeyer, M., Shrogen, K.A., & Kurth, J. (2020). The state of inclusion with students with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(1), 36–43. doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12332
    • Yell, M. (2019). The law and special education (5th ed.). Pearson.

    Chapter 3

    • Anderson, J. D. (1988). The education of blacks in the South, 1860–1935. University of North Carolina Press.
    • ASCD (n.d.) Whole child. http://www.ascd.org/whole-child.aspx
    • Berliner, D. C., & Biddle, B. J. (1995). The manufactured crisis: Myths, frauds, and the attack on America’s public schools. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
    • Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). https://www.oyez.org/cases/1940-1955/347us483
    • Brown v. Board of Education, 349 U.S. 294 (1955). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/349/294/
    • Butchart, R. E. (2010). Schooling the freed people: Teaching, learning, and the struggle for black freedom, 1861–1876. University of North Carolina Press.
    • Coe, G. A. (1935). “Blue prints” for teachers? The Social Frontier, 1(7), 26–27.
    • Counts, G. S. (2011). Orientation. In E. F. Provenzo, Jr., (Ed.)., The social frontier: A critical reader, pp. 19–25. Peter Lang.
    • Cremin, L. A. (1972). American education: The colonial experience, 1607–1783. Harper Collins.
    • DeBray, E. H. (2006). Politics, ideology, & education: Federal policy during the Clinton and Bush administrations. Teachers College Press.
    • Dewey, J. (1944). Democracy and education. The Free Press.
    • Edutopia (2011, October 6). Social and emotional learning: A short history. www.edutopia.org/social-emotional-learning-history.
    • Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962). https://www.oyez.org/cases/1961/468
    • Elazar, D. J. (1969). Cooperation and conflict: Readings in American federalism. F. E. Peacock, Inc.
    • Fabricant, M., & Fine, M. (2012). Charter schools and the corporate makeover of public education: What’s at stake? Teachers College Press.
    • Fairclough, A. (2007). A class of their own: Black teachers in the segregated South. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
    • Foner, E. (2012). Give me Liberty! An American history. W. W. Norton & Company.
    • Held, D. (1980). Introduction to critical theory: Horkheimer to Habermas. University of California Press.
    • Kelle, J. F. (1996). To illuminate or indoctrinate: Education for participatory democracy. In J. N. Burstyn (Ed.), Educating tomorrow’s valuable citizen, pp. 59–76. State University of New York Press.
    • Kliebard, H. M. (1995). The struggle for the American curriculum, 1893–1958 (2nd ed.). Routledge.
    • Lau v. Nichols, 414 U.S. 563 (1974). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/414/563/
    • Madaus, G., Russell, M., & Higgins, J. (2009). The paradoxes of high stakes testing: How they affect students, their parents, teachers, principals, schools, and society. Information Age Publishing, Inc.
    • McClellan, B. E. (1999). Moral education in America: Schools and the shaping of character from colonial times to the present. Teachers College Press.
    • Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974). https://www.oyez.org/cases/1973/73-434
    • Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896). https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/163us537
    • Powell, S. D. (2019). Your introduction to education: Explorations in teaching (4th ed.). Pearson.
    • Ravitch, D. (1983). The troubled crusade: American education 1945–1980. Basic Books.
    • Ryan, J. E. (2010). Five miles away, a world apart: One city, two schools, and the story of educational opportunity in modern America. Oxford University Press.
    • Spring, J. (2008). The American school: A global context from the Puritans to the Obama era (8th ed.). McGraw Hill.
    • Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, 402 U.S. 1 (1971). https://www.oyez.org/cases/1970/281
    • Richard Nixon Foundation (2015, April 2). Nixon, the Supreme Court, and busing. https://www.nixonfoundation.org/2015/04/nixon-the-supreme-court-and-busing/
    • The U.S. Department of Justice (n.d.). Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. https://www.justice.gov/crt/fcs/TitleIX-SexDiscrimination.
    • Tyack, D., & Cuban, L. (1995). Tinkering toward utopia: A century of public school reform. Harvard University Press.
    • Urban, W. J., & Wagoner, J. L. (2009). American education: A history (4th ed.). Routledge.
    • U.S. Department of Education (n.d.). Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). www.ed.gov/essa?src=ft
    • Waldman, K. (2015, May 19). Slave or enslaved person? Slate. https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/05/historians-debate-whether-to-use-the-term-slave-or-enslaved-person.html
    • Webster, N. (1965). On the education of youth in America. In F. Rudolph (Ed.), Essays on education in the early republic, pp. 41–77. The Belknap Press of Harvard University.

    Chapter 4

    Chapter 5

    Chapter 6

    • Armstrong, P. (n.d.). Bloom’s taxonomy. Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching. cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/blooms-taxonomy/#:~:text=Familiarly%20knwn%20as%20Bloom’s%20Taxonomy,Analysis%2C%20Synthesis%2C%20and%20Evaluation.
    • Bloom, B. S.; Engelhart, M. D.; Furst, E. J.; Hill, W. H.; & Krathwohl, D. R. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. David McKay Company.
    • Common Core State Standards Initiative (2021). Standards in your state. www.thecorestandards.org/standards-in-your-state/.
    • Common Goal Systems (2021). What is standards-based grading? https://www.teacherease.com/standards-based-grading.aspx
    • Estes, T. H., Mintz, S. L., & Gunter, M. A. (2015). Instruction: A models approach. Pearson.
    • Fisher, D., & Frey, N. (2008). Better learning through structured teaching: A framework for the gradual release of responsibility. ASCD.
    • Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Continuum.
    • Great School Partnerships (2021). Grading principles and guidelines. https://www.greatschoolspartnership.org/proficiency-based-learning/grading-reporting/grading-principles-guidelines/.
    • Krathwohl, D. R. (2002). A revision of Bloom’s taxonomy: An overview. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 212–218. 10.1207/s15430421tip4104_2
    • Milner IV, H. R. (2017). Confronting inequity/reimagining the null curriculum. ASCD. https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/reimagining-the-null-curriculum.
    • Quinn, D. M. (2021). How to reduce racial bias in grading. Education Next, 21(1). https://www.educationnext.org/how-to-reduce-racial-bias-in-grading-research/.
    • Wiggins, G. P., & McTighe, J. (2005). Understanding by design. ASCD.

    Chapter 7

    • Ackerman, C.E. (2020, April). 25 mindfulness activities for children and teens. Positive Psychology. positivepsychology.com/mindfulness-for-children-kids-activities/
    • Adichie, C. (2009, July). Chimamanda Adichie: The danger of a single story [Video]. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/chimamanda_ngozi_adichie_the_danger_of_a_single_story.
    • Anda, R.F., Porter, L.E., & Brown, D.W. (2020). Inside the adverse childhood experience score: Strengths, limitations, and misapplications. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 59(2), 293–295. www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(20)30058-1/fulltext
    • Center on the Developing Child: Harvard University. (2015, April 22). InBrief: What is resilience? [YouTube video]. Harvard University. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/science/key-concepts/resilience/
    • Child Welfare Information Gateway. (n.d.). Definitions of child abuse & neglect. www.childwelfare.gov/topics/can/defining/.
    • Constable, R. (2016). The role of the school social worker. In C. Rippey Massat, M. S. Kelly, & R. Constable (Eds.), School social work: Practice, policy, and research (p. 3–24). Lyceum Books. citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.536.6620&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
    • Edwards, P. (2016). New ways to engage parents: Strategies and tools for teachers and leaders, K–12. Teachers College Press.
    • Feletti, V., Anda, R., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D, Spitz, A., Edwards, V., Loss, M. & Marks, J. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14(4), 245–258.
    • Ferlazzo, L. (2011). Involvement or engagement? Educational Leadership, 68(8), 10–14.
    • Finley, T. (2017, September 11). Black girls are seven times more likely to be suspended than white girls: Report. Huffpost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/black-girls-7-times-more-likely-suspended_n_59b69232e4b0354e44134c6d?ncid=engmodushpmg00000003
    • Flook, L., Goldberg, S. B., Pinger, L., Bonus, K., & Davidson, R. J. (2013). Mindfulness for teachers: A pilot study to assess effects on stress, burnout and teaching efficacy. Mind, Brain and Education, 7(3), 182–195. doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12026
    • Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Doubleday.
    • Hofmann, S.G., Sawyer, A.T., Witt, A.A., & Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 78(2), 169–183. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2848393/
    • Hughes, K., Bellis, M., Hardcastle, K., Butchart, A., Mikton, C., Jones, L., & Dunne, M. (2017). The effects of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet: Public Health 2(8), 356–366. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468266717301184
    • Hutton, S. (2018). Figure 8 breath [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0Fv2NnqF5o
    • Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 10(2), 144–156. doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016
    • Mersky, J., Topitzes, J., & Reynolds, A. (2013). Impacts of adverse childhood experiences on health, mental health, and substance use in early adulthood: A cohort study of an urban, minority sample in the U.S. Child Abuse Neglect, 37(11), 917–925. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4090696/
    • Mindful Schools (n.d.). Research on mindfulness. www.mindfulschools.org/about-mindfulness/research-on-mindfulness/
    • National Association of Social Workers (n.d.). Code of ethics. https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English
    • Schonert-reichl, K.A., Oberle, E., Lawlor, M.S., Abbott, D., Thomson, K., Oberlander, T.F., & Diamond, A. (2015). Enhancing cognitive and social-emotional development through a simple-to-administer mindfulness-based school program for elementary school children: A randomized controlled trial. Developmental Psychology 51(1), 52–66. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323355/pdf/nihms-660668.pdf
    • School Social Work Association of America. (n.d.) Role of school social worker. https://www.sswaa.org/school-social-work
    • Sornson, B. (2014). Developing empathy in the classroom. Corwin Connect. https://corwin-connect.com/2014/06/developing-empathy-classroom/
    • Smith, J. A. (2015, May 25). Teachers of all races are more likely to punish black students. Huffpost. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/black-students-punished_n_7449538
    • U.S. Department of Justice (2017). U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, School Crime Supplement (SCS) to the National Crime Victimization Survey, 2005 through 2017.
    • van der Kolk, B. (2014). The body keeps the score: Brain, mind, and body in the healing of trauma. Penguin Books.
    • Waterford.org (n.d.). 51 Mindfulness activities for kids in the classroom. https://www.waterford.org/resources/mindfulnes-activities-for-kids/
    • Zelazo, P.D., & Lyons, K.E. (2012). The potential benefits of mindfulness training in early childhood: A developmental social cognitive neuroscience perspective. Child Development Perspectives 6(2), 154–160. www.researchgate.net/publication/263756839_The_Potential_Benefits_of_Mindfulness_Training_in_Early_Childhood_A_Developmental_Social_Cognitive_Neuroscience_Perspective

    Image Credits by Chapter

    Introduction

    Chapter 1

    Chapter 2

    Chapter 3

    • “A general map of the middle British colonies in America” by the Library of Congress is in the public domain.
    • “Page of illustrated alphabet from New England Primer, 1721: letters A through F” by the Library of Congress is in the public domain.
    • “Untitled” by pxfuel is licensed under CC0.
    • “Noah Webster” by James Sharples is licensed under CC0, at the bequest of Charles Allen Munn, 1924.
    • “Thomas Jefferson” by GPA Photo Archive is in the public domain.
    • “First normal school in America, Lexington, Mass” by the Tichnor Brothers is in the public domain.
    • “Horace Mann” by Josiah Johnson Hawes is licensed under CC0, as a gift of I. N. Phelps Stokes, Edward S. Hawes, Alice Mary Hawes, and Marion Augusta Hawes, 1937.
    • “Catherine Beecher” by Schlesinger Library is licensed under CC0.
    • “The Freedmen’s Bureau” by A.R. Waud is in the public domain.
    • “Booker T. Washington” by Pixabay is licensed under CC0.
    • “NAACP founder and advocate of action W. E. B. Du Bois: 1945” by Addison N. Scurlock is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • “Photograph of Chiracahua Apache Indians after training at the Carlisle Indian School” by the U.S. National Archives is in the public domain.
    • “President Roosevelt taking the oath of office, Mar. 4 1905” by the Library of Congress is in the public domain.
    • “The automobile industry–1923” by Jasperdo is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
    • “Dewey-john-young” by Vampire285 is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “Simple blueprints” by j4p4n is in the public domain.
    • “Civil rights march on Washington, D.C.” by Warren K. Leffler for the Library of Congress is in the public domain.
    • “Sputnik” by de:Benutzer:HPH is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “School P7270427” by Chris Light is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
    • “Lindabrownsegregation-2” by unknown is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “International (IC Bus) CE Series School Bus” by JLaw45 is licensed under CC BY 2.0.
    • “Department of Education–NCLB door” by Raul654 is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “President Bush signs No Child Left Behind Act” by the U.S. National Archives is in the public domain.

    Chapter 4

    • “HOLC map 1937” by Dale Winling is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • Adapted from “School governance at federal, state, district, and school levels” by Melissa Wells is used with permission.
    • “Money” by kschneider2991 is licensed under CC0.

    Chapter 5

    Chapter 6

    • Adapted from “A comparison of standards and curriculum” by Janine Davis is used with permission.
    • “Faculty meeting” by Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for EDUimages is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • “Backwards design process” by Breana Bayraktar is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.
    • Adapted from “Gradual release of responsibility framework” by Melissa Wells is used with permission.
    • Adapted from “Bloom’s Taxonomy” by Vanderbilt University Center for Teaching is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “Scale” by Megan Shannon is in the public domain.
    • “Four elementary students examine plants” by Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for EDUimages is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • “Shallow focus photography of spiderweb” by Robert Anasch is licensed under CC0.

    Chapter 7

    • “Untitled” by Amanda Mills is licensed under CC0.
    • “Cultural iceberg” by Melissa Wells is adapted from “iceberg above water” by MoteOo is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “Diagram showing some of the main areas of the brain” by Cancer Research UK is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • Adapted from “Brain development and trauma” by Melissa Wells is used with permission.
    • “Untitled” by HaticeEROL is licensed under CC0.
    • “The role of a school social worker” by the School Social Work Association of America is used with permission.
    • Adapted from “Traffic lights ahead” by So Monggo is licensed under CC BY-SA.
    • “Angry birds behavior chart” by Melissa Wells is used with permission.

    Chapter 8

    Miscellaneous

    • Cover image: “Kindergarten boy with teacher” by Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for EDUimages is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • Part I image: “Socially distanced high school students and bus” by Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for EDUimages is licensed under CC BY-NC.
    • Part II image: “Three middle school girls in hallway with notebooks” by Allison Shelley/The Verbatim Agency for EDUimages is licensed under CC BY-NC.