2.8: Review Questions
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1.
What combination of parent hair type would most likely result in a child’s having wavy hair?
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One parent has curly hair, and the other has straight hair.
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One parent has curly hair, and the other has wavy hair.
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Both parents have wavy hair.
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Both parents have curly hair.
2 .
What is the primary function of most genes?
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determine a phenotype
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duplicate themselves
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code for proteins
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create mutations
3.
What types of traits are caused by genes located on the sex chromosomes?
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sex-linked traits
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recessive traits
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polygenetic traits
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codominant traits
4 .
Which disorder results from a combination of multiple genetic and environmental factors?
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cystic fibrosis
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type 2 diabetes
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Down syndrome
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Fragile X syndrome
5.
What type of gene expression occurs when one gene influences multiple traits and produces a variety of phenotypic outcomes?
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incomplete expression
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codominant expression
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polygenic effects
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pleiotropic effects
6 .
What is the process in which an ovum, or egg, is released from an ovary?
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fertilization
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ovulation
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menstruation
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specialization
7.
What structure carries sperm from the testes to the urethra?
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vas deferens
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epididymis
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seminal vesicles
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prostate gland
8 .
What structure connects the uterus to the vagina in the female reproductive system?
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vulva
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cervix
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fallopian tubes
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ovaries
9.
In which structure do sperm finish maturing and remain stored in the male reproductive system?
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testes
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prostate
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vas deferens
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epididymis
10 .
Where does fertilization typically occur within the female reproductive system?
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uterus
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ovaries
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vagina
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fallopian tubes
11.
What is the sequence of events during the germinal period of prenatal development?
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fertilization, blastocyst, implantation
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blastocyst, implantation, fertilization
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fertilization, implantation, blastocyst
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implantation, fertilization, blastocyst
12 .
What is the name of the watertight fluid-filled sac that protects the embryo during the embryonic period of prenatal development?
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chorion
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blastocyst
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amnion
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placenta
13.
What form of prenatal testing involves testing the amniotic fluid for genetic defects, some chromosomal abnormalities, and birth defects?
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chorionic villus sampling
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amniocentesis
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ultrasound
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maternal serum test
14 .
What is the term for any factor—disease, drugs, or other environmental agents—that can harm a fetus or embryo or influence health or behavior after birth?
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blastocyst
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trophoblast
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chorion
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teratogen
15.
When is the neonatal behavioral assessment scale typically performed?
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immediately after birth
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within the first twenty-four hours of birth
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within the first two to four days after birth
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once the infant is three months of age
16 .
Failure to thrive in infants is defined as ________.
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being slower than average in language development
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showing insufficient weight gain and growth
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having delayed motor skills
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having delayed social skills
17.
What is assessed in the grimace part of an Apgar test?
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muscle tone
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body color
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heart rate
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reflex irritability
18 .
What occurs during the third stage of labor?
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delivery of the newborn
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expulsion of the placenta
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contractions and cervical dilation
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rupture of the amniotic sac
19.
What delivery location allows for a more familiar birthing environment but is typically only recommended for low-risk pregnancies?
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home delivery
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birthing center delivery
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hospital delivery
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institutional delivery
20 .
What does attachment in infants refer to?
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physical growth and development
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cognitive abilities present from birth
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ability to lift their head on their own
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emotional connection with caregivers
21.
How does attachment differ from bonding in children?
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Attachment is a result of the genetic inclination toward caring for others, while bonding is solely a response to external (environmental) factors.
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Attachment is solely a response to external (environmental) factors, while bonding is a result of the genetic inclination toward caring for others.
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Attachment is the emotional connection the caregiver feels for the child, while bonding is the emotional connection the child feels for the caregiver.
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Attachment is the emotional connection the child feels for the caregiver, while bonding is the emotional connection the caregiver feels for the child.
22 .
Postpartum depression is characterized by ________.
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a brief period of sadness that resolves on its own
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lack of euphoria after childbirth
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persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, and exhaustion following childbirth
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feelings of surprise following childbirth