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6: Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood (Ages 3 to 6)
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6.0: What Does Psychology Say?
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Seyoun notices changes in her son Hwan's behavior since he started preschool, observing that he has become more hesitant around peers. She considers factors like their Korean-speaking household and strict grandparents, which might affect his self-perception and interaction. Though Hwan is less aggressive and receptive in social settings, Seyoun questions his emotional development, racial identity understanding, and whether to encourage more social initiative or family time.
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6.1: Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood
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This section discusses the objectives of understanding Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory, specifically the stage of initiative versus guilt in early childhood. It highlights how young children, like Meghan, develop self-confidence, emotional regulation, social skills, and personality traits.
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6.2: Identity in Context- Gender Development and Racial Identity in Early Childhood
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The section discusses the development of gender, racial, and ethnic identity in early childhood. Key concepts include gender identity development through stages of labeling, stability, and constancy, as well as the influence of family, peers, and media on gender socialization. The text also addresses racial and ethnic identity milestones such as ethnic labeling, knowledge acquisition, and constancy.
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6.3: Families as Context in Early Childhood
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This page explores various aspects of parenting and their impact on child development. It covers different parenting styles identified by Diana Baumrind, including authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved, and discusses their effects on children. The page also examines the role of siblings in development, the psychological impact of divorce on children, and the use of rewards and punishments in parenting.
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6.4: Social Contexts- Peers, Play, and Friendship in Early Childhood
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This page explores aspects of social development in early childhood, focusing on friendships, play, aggression, social withdrawal, and prosocial behavior. Children establish peer interactions that shape social, emotional, and cognitive growth. Play, whether structured or free, fosters these skills. While some children exhibit aggression due to environmental factors, others may withdraw due to shyness or anxiety.
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6.5: Media Exposure and Literacy in Early Childhood
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The page discusses the impact of media diets on children in early childhood, highlighting both positive and negative effects. It explores how media exposure influences children???s development, learning, and behavior, emphasizing the importance of guiding media consumption to enhance pre-literacy skills and developmental outcomes.
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6.6: Key Terms
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6.7: Summary
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6.8: Review Questions
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6.9: Check Your Understanding Questions
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6.10: Personal Application Questions
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6.11: Essay Questions
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