7.8: Review Questions
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1.
During middle childhood, in a single year children grow an average of
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2–3 inches in height and 5–7 pounds
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1–2 inches in height and 3–5 pounds
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2–3 inches in height and 7–10 pounds
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1–2 inches in height and 5–7 pounds
2 .
How many hours of sleep should school-aged children between six and twelve years of age get every night?
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6–7
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7–8
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9–12
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12–15
3.
According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), how much moderate to vigorous physical activity should school-aged children get each day?
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15–30 minutes
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30–45 minutes
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1 hour
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2 hours
4 .
Improvements in writing skills are the result of development of ________.
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fine motor skills
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gross motor skills
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neural pruning
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prefrontal cortex growth
5.
Henry understands that if he drops the model he has been building, the pieces will likely break apart. He is demonstrating his understanding of ________.
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conservation tasks
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seriation skills
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symbolic thought
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cause and effect relationships
6 .
According to Piaget, children in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development are capable of ________.
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thinking abstractly
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using logic to solve real, tangible problems
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solving a false-belief task
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dividing their attention between multiple tasks simultaneously
7.
Piaget called mental actions that use logic and are reversible ________.
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operations
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executive functions
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metacognitions
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working memory
8 .
Cognitive skills tied to the maturation of the prefrontal cortex and used to regulate behavior are ________.
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operations
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executive functions
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metacognitions
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working memory
9.
The knowledge about how we think and learn is ________.
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metacognition
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abstract reasoning
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concrete operational thinking
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working memory
10 .
One component of the general definition of intelligence is an individual's ability to
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adapt to their world
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succeed in school
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have a successful career
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use logic to solve problems
11.
Which trend in intelligence scores is described by the Flynn effect?
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IQ scores fluctuate across childhood.
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Average IQ scores have steadily increased over time.
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IQ scores can predict future happiness.
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IQ scores are no longer useful predictors of academic achievement.
12 .
On a standardized intelligence test, the average IQ score for a population is
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around 50
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around 70
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around 100
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around 130
13.
What is a key criticism of intelligence tests?
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The assessments may be culturally biased.
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The assessments are not standardized.
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The assessments demonstrate poor reliability.
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The assessments demonstrate poor validity.
14 .
Teaching is based on direct instruction by the instructor, and that individual has full focus and control of the room in ________ classrooms.
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teacher-centered
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student-centered
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informal education
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hidden curriculum
15.
Mr. Sahib is a teacher who believes that students should be encouraged to actively explore their environments because this exploration provides the best opportunities for learning. This is an example of ________.
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constructivism
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reinforcement
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behaviorism
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informal education
16 .
Extracurricular activities and the skills that children learn from parents in the home are examples of
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constructivism
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informal schooling
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formal schooling
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behaviorism
17.
Because it emerges in childhood when the brain is still maturing, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a type of a(n)
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neurodevelopmental disorder
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intellectual disability
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emotional disorder
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learning disability
18 .
Dontae understands that
bat
has two different meanings. He also understands that recognizing which meaning is being used by a speaker depends on the context in which the word occurs in a sentence and situation. This is an example of
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metalinguistic awareness
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pragmatics
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phonics
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whole language
19.
Ajah is learning how to sound out the word “car” by making the “k” sound and the “ar” sound. This is an example of the ________ approach to learning to read.
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phonics-based
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whole language
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pragmatics
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immersion
20 .
Emma is rapidly switching between English and Spanish when she talks to her friends and her father. She is demonstrating
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code-switching
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metalinguistic awareness
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immersion
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pragmatics