11.8: Review Questions
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1.
Shariq has avoided making an appointment at the college career center and has changed his major four times in his first year. When asked whether he likes his current major, he says, “Sure, but if something better comes along, I’ll switch.” According to James Marcia, at which identity stage is he?
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identity achievement
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identity diffusion
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identity foreclosure
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identity moratorium
2 .
What has been the impact of globalization on cultural values such as collectivism and individualism?
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They have caused intracultural strife, as younger generations seek to maintain the values of their predecessors.
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It has caused many cultures to become wary of and unwelcoming of outsiders to their communities.
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The lines between these cultural values have become less distinct and may, in fact, be outdated.
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It has led to more and more legislation that governs which behaviors are unacceptable within a given culture.
3.
Emerging adulthood is a developmental period that is
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a time where irresponsible decisions and “experience one’s wild side” are regarded as normal and healthy
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rejected as a concept in most collectivistic countries, but is embraced in individualistic cultures
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bound by specific neurological changes rather than specific ages where the period begins and ends
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recognized in some countries as a “buffer” between adolescence and full adulthood
4 .
Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death during emerging adulthood, and the majority of them are caused by
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overdose on recreational substances
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head injuries during athletic or recreational events
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accidental shootings
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automobile accidents
5.
The American Heart Association recommends that adults get ________ of moderate intensity aerobic activity each week, though this should be spread out over multiple occasions.
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90 minutes
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4 hours
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150 minutes
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1 hour
6 .
Chronic sleep deprivation appears to damage brain tissue in the ________ and ________, producing problems with working memory, attention, and numerical processing.
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thalamus and hypothalamus
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prefrontal cortex and hippocampus
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cerebellum and pons
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amygdala and motor cortex
7.
In a 2021 study by the Urban Institute, which group of individuals was found to have the lowest percentage of children “on track” for healthy developmental outcomes?
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White children
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Native American and Indigenous children
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Hispanic children
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Black children
8 .
The quality and amount of ________, a lubricant that keeps our joints healthy, starts to decline by our 30s, which can lead to join stiffness over time.
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collagen
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lymph
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synovial fluid
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cartilage
9.
The ages at which people are most at risk of contracting an STI are
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20 to 30
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17 to 25
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16 to 22
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18 to 24
10 .
Which STI is caused by a parasite?
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Trichomoniasis
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Syphilis
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Gonorrhea
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Chlamydia
11.
What is the best way to describe the process of “coming out” for people in the LGBTQ+ community?
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It cannot happen until one feels that they will be accepted by their family of origin.
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It involves several tasks that are often experienced sequentially.
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It is the only way an LGBTQ+ person can find inner peace with their sexuality.
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It typically happens after a feeling psychological pressure has built up and must be released all at once.
12 .
Medical conditions that occur more commonly in people with weakened immune systems are called:
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Nosocomial infections
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Iatrogenic conditions
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Opportunistic infections
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Comorbid conditions
13.
Logical thought processes that rely on continuous, active evaluation of information and beliefs using evidence and past experiences are called:
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Social cognition
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Reflective thought
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Crystallized intelligence
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Divergent thinking
14 .
Changes in the brain during emerging adulthood include:
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The end of synaptic pruning, decreased myelination, and more processing of information between more adjacent brain areas
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The beginning of synaptic pruning, decreased myelination, and more processing of information between more distant brain regions
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The beginning of synaptic pruning, increased myelination, and more processing of information between more adjacent brain areas
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The end of synaptic pruning, increased myelination, and more processing of information between more distant brain regions
15.
The ability to draw conclusions about another person’s intentions and beliefs is called:
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Cognitive theory of mind
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Affective theory of mind
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Cognitive altruistic empathy
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Affective altruistic empathy
16 .
Heuristics are best described as
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Pitfalls to problem solving that cause us to get stuck using the same solution repeatedly
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Step-by-step plans for solving problems that always lead to solutions.
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Shortcuts that help us process information more quickly to make decisions
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Paradoxes in thought that cannot be resolved quickly.
17.
Convergent thought uses ________ to deal with a problem.
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a known solution
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new solutions
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help from others
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a solution that works for everyone
18 .
What are the four E’s?
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Enroll, enlist, explore, enjoy
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Enroll, enlist, explore, employment
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Enroll, enlist, enter, employment
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Enroll, enlist, explore, estimate
19.
In the 2021–2022 academic year, the most common major among U.S. college students was
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Business
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Psychology
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Engineering
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Biology
20 .
According to the U.S. Department of Education, approximately what percentage of students enrolled in a two- or four-year degree program change their major before graduating?
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10 percent
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60 percent
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5 percent
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30 percent
21.
Which group of workers tends to feel most positively toward their employer and report the least amount of stress at work?
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Workers with a bachelor’s degree
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Workers with long COVID
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Workers over age 65
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Workers who completed apprenticeship programs before employment
22 .
People with some college but no degree have an unemployment rate ________ than that of people with a bachelor’s degree and ________ than that of people with an associate’s degree.
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Higher; lower
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Lower; lower
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Higher; higher
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Lower; higher