13.7: Review Questions
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1.
Presbycusis is most likely to affect a person’s ability to detect what type of stimulus?
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bright colors
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dark colors
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low-pitched noises
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high-pitched noises
2 .
Sarcopenia describes the process during middle adulthood that leads to which outcome?
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losing weight without trying to
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increased calcification of the spine
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hardening of the lenses in the eyes
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gradual loss of muscle
3.
Compared to younger adults, how does cortical activation relate to processing speed for middle-aged adults?
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Middle-aged adults have slower processing speed due to activation of larger areas of the cortex.
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Middle-aged adults have slower processing speed due to activation of smaller areas of the cortex.
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Middle-aged adults have faster processing speed due to activation of larger areas of the cortex.
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Middle-aged adults have faster processing speed due to activation of smaller areas of the cortex.
4 .
What is one complication resulting from presbyopia?
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difficulty seeing objects far away
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difficulty seeing objects close up
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difficulty hearing high pitched sounds
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difficulty hearing low pitched sounds
5.
Why might some adults with hearing loss choose not to use a hearing aid?
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They do not believe that hearing aids are effective.
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Modern hearing aids are too bulky and noticeable.
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They deprioritize their hearing compared to other issues due to health-care costs.
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They do not want others to shout at them due to the assumption that they cannot hear.
6 .
What occurs during the years of the climacteric?
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the decline of reproductive ability for individuals assigned female at birth
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the end of reproductive ability for individuals assigned male at birth
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the decline of reproductive ability for individuals assigned male at birth and the end of reproductive ability for individuals assigned female at birth
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the decline of reproductive ability for individuals assigned female at birth and the end of reproductive ability for individuals assigned male at birth
7.
The first drugs marketed to treat erectile dysfunction were originally formulated for what purpose?
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treating male pattern baldness
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controlling hypertension
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regulating glucose for people with type 2 diabetes
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reducing pain associated with scleroderma
8 .
During the perimenopause phase, how may hot flashes contribute to temporary memory problems and other cognitive concerns?
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by raising the body temperature
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by causing stress throughout the day
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by disrupting blood flow to the brain
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by causing sleep disturbance at night
9.
Postpartum changes to the body of the person who has given birth can result in what changes to feet?
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ingrown toenails with risk of infection
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smaller feet and higher feet
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bigger feet with lower arches
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bunions and/or hammertoe
10 .
Sexual activity in middle adulthood has been observed to increase what?
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cognitive health
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depression
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fluid intelligence
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crystallized intelligence
11.
Which strategy can help middle-aged adults improve working memory skills?
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reducing consumption of polyunsaturated fats
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regularly taking intelligence tests to stimulate problem-solving
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solving puzzles like Sudoku or crossword puzzles
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regularly engaging in physical exercise
12 .
What problem-solving characteristic makes postformal thought different from formal operational thinking?
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relativism
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creativity
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dualism
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convergent thinking
13.
In general, research has found that in middle adulthood, crystallized intelligence tends to
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not change
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gradually decrease
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gradually improve
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sharply decline
14 .
Why is wisdom more likely to occur in older age?
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reduced fluid intelligence
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many lived experiences
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higher levels of creativity
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greater crystalized intelligence
15.
At middle age, the leading cause of death shifts from unintentional injury to what two issues?
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cardiovascular disease and cancer
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suicide and diabetes
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diabetes and suicide
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cancer and cardiovascular disease
16.
While the symptoms of a heart attack can differ between men and women, which of them is common to both?
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chest pain
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shortness of breath
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back pain
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anxiety
17.
According to the specific personality styles hypothesized by Friedman and Rosenman, what psychological characteristic is most associated with cardiovascular disease?
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competitiveness
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passiveness
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hostility
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patience
18 .
What are the outcomes of adopting a stress-as-enhancing mindset at work?
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increased physical health and interactions with coworkers
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greater likelihood of being promoted
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decreased sleep
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lower productivity
19.
How does the job satisfaction for workers who change jobs or workplaces over the course of their career compare to those who remain within the same workplace?
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Their job satisfaction is unpredictable.
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They do not differ in job satisfaction.
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They have lower job satisfaction.
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They have higher job satisfaction.
20 .
What can be said of the current status of the wage gap between men and women?
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The wage gap no longer exists in the modern workplace.
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The wage gap is narrowest for young adults.
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The wage gap is consistent throughout life.
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The wage gap is narrowest in middle adulthood.
21.
Higher levels of physical leisure activity correspond to what?
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increased life expectancy
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reduced stress in retirement
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reduced cortical thickness in the brain
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better reported relationships with romantic partners
22 .
What do most employees who currently work from home say when asked if they would like to continue working from home?
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They would prefer to return to the workplace.
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They are unsure.
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They would prefer to remain working from home in some capacity.
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Their decision depends on the kind of work.