4.7: Key Terms/Glossary

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Causal modeling: visual method for describing simple and complex relationships between variables
Causation: an explanation of how one variable, typically known as the independent variable, affects another variable, typically known as the dependent variable
Correlation: a relationship between two variables
Hypothesis: an if-then statement explaining how one variable should influence another variable
Theory: a statement declaring a relationship between two variables
Unit of analysis: an object that is analyzed, using qualitative or quantitative methods, by the researcher
Unit of observation: an object that is observed by a researcher
Variable: an object that can hold at least two values