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7.2: Basics

  • Page ID
    91960
    • Wikipedia
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    Memory

    Memory is the ability of the nervous system to receive and keep information. It is divided into three parts: Sensory memory, Short-term memory and Long-term memory. Sensory memory holds information for milliseconds and is separated into two components. The iconic memory is responsible for visual information, whereas auditory information is processed in the echoic memory. Short-term memory keeps information for at most half a minute. Long-term memory, which can store information over decades, consists of the conscious explicit and the unconscious implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative, can be subdivided into semantic and episodic memory. Procedural memory and priming effects are components of the implicit memory.

    330px-Brainlobes.svg.png

    Brain regions:

    Brain regions Memory
    Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Short-term Memory/ Working Memory
    Hippocampus Short-term Memory → Long-term Memory
    Medial temporal lobe (neocortex) Declarative Memory
    Amygdala, Cerebellum Procedural Memory

    For detailed information see chapter Memory

    Language

    Language is an essential system for communication which highly influences our life. This system uses sounds, symbols and gestures for the purpose of communication. Visual and auditory systems of a human body are the entrance-pathway for language to enter the brain. The motor system is responsible for speech and writing production, it serves as exit-pathway for language. The nature of language exists in the brain processes between the sensory and motor systems, especially between visual or auditory income and written or spoken outcome. The biggest part of the knowledge about brain mechanism for language is deduced from studies of language deficits resulting from brain damage. Even if there are about 10 000 different languages and dialects in the world, all of them express the subtleties of human experience and emotion.

    For detailed information see chapters Comprehension and Neuroscience of Comprehension


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