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16.2L: Trade Blocs and Common Markets

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    A trade bloc is an agreement where regional barriers to trade are reduced or eliminated among the participating states.

    Learning Objectives

    Key Points

    • Trade blocs can be stand-alone agreements between several states, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or part of a regional organization, such as the European Union.
    • A single market is a type of trade bloc that is composed of a free trade area for goods, with common policies on product regulation, as well as freedom of movement on capital, labor, enterprise, and services.
    • A common market is a first stage towards a single market, and may be limited initially to a free trade area with relatively free movement of capital and of services, but not so advanced in reduction of the rest of the trade barriers.

    Key Terms

    • North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): An agreement signed by the governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America. It came into force in 1994.
    • Common market: A common market is a first stage towards a single market, and may be limited initially to a free trade area with relatively free movement of capital and of services, but not so advanced in reduction of the rest of the trade barriers.
    • trade bloc: A trade bloc is a type of intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization, where regional barriers to trade, (tariffs and non-tariff barriers) are reduced or eliminated among the participating states.

    A trade bloc is a type of intergovernmental agreement, often part of a regional intergovernmental organization, where regional barriers to trade are reduced or eliminated among the participating states. Trade blocs can be stand-alone agreements between several states, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or part of a regional organization, such as the European Union.

    A single market is a type of trade bloc that is composed of a free trade area for goods, with common policies on product regulation, as well as freedom of movement on capital, labor, enterprise, and services. According to the principles of capitalism, a single market has many benefits. With full freedom of movement for all the factors of production between the member countries, the factors of production become more efficiently allocated, further increasing productivity. However, entering a trade bloc also strengthens ties between member parties. In so doing, member parties not only share each others’ strengths but also each others’ weaknesses.

    Economist Jeffrey J. Scott argues that for a trade bloc to be successful, members must share four common traits: similar levels of per capita national income, geographic proximity, similar or compatible trading regimes, and a political commitment to regional organization. For better or for worse, trade blocs are prevalent. Since 1997, more than 50% of all world commerce was conducted under the auspices of regional trade blocs, such as NAFTA.

    image
    NAFTA: NAFTA is an agreement between the US, Mexico and Canada, as represented by the 3 flags in its logo.

    A common market is a first stage towards a single market, and may be limited initially to a free trade area with relatively free movement of capital and of services, but not so advanced in reduction of the rest of the trade barriers.

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    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Neocolonialism. Located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AA3kV3TIBfg. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright. License Terms: Standard YouTube license
    • Common market. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_market. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Trade bloc. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_bloc. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/North%2...ment%20(NAFTA). License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Common market. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/Common%20market. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • trade bloc. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/trade%20bloc. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright
    • Feudal Systems. Located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCPp7XWZfHo. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright. License Terms: Standard YouTube license
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Provided by: Wikimedia. Located at: upload.wikimedia.org/Wikipedia/commons/3/3e/1_singapore_city_skyline_dusk_panorama_2011.jpg. License: CC BY: Attribution
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Free Trade. Located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zk3ruapRQZk. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright. License Terms: Standard YouTube license
    • Community-based savings bank in Cambodia. Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: en.Wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Community-based_savings_bank_in_Cambodia.jpg. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • 201107120-RD-LSC-0169 | Flickr - Photo Sharing!. Provided by: Flickr. Located at: http://www.flickr.com/photos/usdagov/6059875669/. License: CC BY: Attribution
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY-SA: Attribution-ShareAlike
    • Neocolonialism. Located at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AA3kV3TIBfg. License: Public Domain: No Known Copyright. License Terms: Standard YouTube license
    • Provided by: Wikipedia. Located at: Wikipedia. License: CC BY: Attribution

    16.2L: Trade Blocs and Common Markets is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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