7.8: Conclusion and Exercises

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Conclusion

This chapter emphasizes the importance of gathering reliable information through research for effective communication. It distinguishes between primary sources (original works) and secondary sources (analytical or interpretative). The selection of sources depends on the topic, audience, and context.We explored techniques for improving online searches, such as using quotation marks and minus signs, while emphasizing the importance of evaluating information credibility. Essential evaluation methods include the SIFT framework and the CRAAP Test, which focus on factors like currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose.

We highlighted the importance of libraries for researchers, emphasizing their curated resources and comprehensive access to academic materials through library catalogs and databases. Unlike free search engines, library resources require logins for remote use and include peer-reviewed articles in academic journals. Users can improve searches using specific techniques, and librarians are available for support.There are benefits of consulting a librarian for research assistance, including locating reliable sources and topic brainstorming. While librarians offer guidance, they do not conduct research. We suggested keeping a research log to track readings and citations, advocating for digital or handwritten formats, and summarizing each source. The use of cloud storage is recommended to prevent data loss.

Exercises

Speaking Ethically

Jonathan sat staring at his computer screen. The previous two days had been the most disastrous weekend of his entire life. First, his girlfriend broke up with him on Friday and informed him that she was dating his best friend behind his back. Then he got a phone call from his mother informing him that his childhood dog had been hit by a car. And if that wasn’t enough, his car died on the way to work, and since it was his third unexcused absence from work, he was fired.

In the midst of all these crises, Jonathan was supposed to be preparing his persuasive speech for his public speaking class. Admittedly, Jonathan had had the two weeks prior to work on the speech, but he had not gotten around to it and thought he could pull it together over the weekend. Now at 1:00 a.m. on Monday morning, he finally got a chance to sit down at his computer to prepare the speech he was giving in nine and a half hours.

His topic was prison reform. He searched through a number of websites and finally found one that seemed really relevant. As he read through the first paragraph, he thought to himself, this is exactly what I want to say. After two paragraphs the information just stopped, and the website asked him to pay $29.95 for the rest of the speech. Without even realizing it, Jonathan had found a speech mill website. Jonathan found himself reaching for his wallet thinking, well it says what I want it to say, so why not?

If you were a student in Jonathan’s class and he confided in you that he had used a speech mill for his speech, how would you react?
If you were Jonathan, what ethical choices could you have made?
Is it ever ethical to use a speech written by a speech mill?

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