3.11: Unit 2 Exam
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- The average newborn doubles her birthweight in:
- the first year.
- four months.
- six months.
- two months.
- The slowest-to-mature brain lobe is the:
- striate cortex.
- parietal cortex.
- frontal cortex.
- temporal cortex.
- In the process of transient exuberance, great brain growth is seen, especially in the area of the:
- dendrites.
- axons.
- nucleus.
- axon terminals.
- The sense that is the least developed at birth is:
- vision.
- taste.
- smell.
- hearing.
- The difference between gross and fine motor skills is whether they:
- are controllable.
- involve mental or physical skills.
- are due more to nature or nurture.
- involve bigger or smaller muscles.
- Unusual swelling of a toddler's face and abdomen and thin, colorless hair are symptoms of:
- rickets.
- marasmus.
- hypoglycemia.
- kwashiorkor.
- During the sensorimotor stage, the main task is to:
- learn to use language to express sensations.
- think logically and critically.
- huse senses and motor skills to understand the world.
- think of past and future events.
- Active experimentation is part of _______ in Piaget's substages of sensorimotor intelligence.
- stage six.
- stage three.
- stage four.
- stage five.
- Babbling:
- is found only in infants from the Western Hemisphere.
- precedes cooing.
- occurs only if the infant can hear.
- is universal.
- On average, children begin saying recognizable words at about:
- 24 months old.
- 3 months old.
- 12 months old.
- 6 months old.
- A match between a child's temperament and the demands of the environment is called:
- goodness of fit.
- synchrony.
- organismic specificity.
- temperamental enhancement.
- Secure attachment makes a toddler:
- cling to the mother.
- willing to explore.
- self-centered.
- try to talk.
- Angie does not notice when her mother leaves the day-care center and ignores her mother when she returns. Angie's behavior is:
- insecure-resistant attachment.
- insecure-avoidant attachment.
- secure attachment.
- disoriented attachment.
- Cooley's looking-glass self helps us understand how a child:
- establishes a body image.
- develops a self-concept.
- learns gender roles.
- learns how to imitate the behavior of others.
- The process of myelination involves:
- bone growth.
- parents' teaching their children.
- nerve insulation.
- muscle growth.
- Family capital
- is another term for stepfamily.
- can be used to help one's children in school.
- refers to financial assistance offered to families by the government.
- typically helps families obtain better healthcare.
- The best example of a fine motor skill is:
- roller-skating around the block.
- swimming across a pool.
- using scissors to cut paper.
- playing catch with a football.
- Piaget called cognitive development between the ages of two and six ______ intelligence.
- preoperational
- egocentric
- Symbiotic
- operational
- Vygotsky suggested that each individual is surrounded by a zone of:
- proximal development.
- distal development.
- potentiality.
- possibilities.
- Preschoolers do not use private speech to:
- review what they know.
- communicate with those around them.
- explain events to themselves.
- decide what to do.
- “I catched two mices in a trap” is an example of:
- literal translation.
- egocentric speech.
- the past imperfect.
- overregularization.
- According to Erikson, as children develop self-awareness and realize their own mistakes, they feel:
- shamed.
- empowered.
- anger.
- guilty.
- When parents expect unquestioning obedience from their children, their parenting pattern is:
- authoritarian.
- dictatorial.
- tyrannical.
- authoritative.
- Aptitude tests are designed to measure:
- capacity for divergent thinking.
- how much has been learned.
- potential for accomplishment.
- verbal abilities.
- Todd runs around the classroom, can't seem to sit still or concentrate, and is easily excited. He is most likely to be diagnosed as having:
- a sensory deficit.
- attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- mental retardation.
- childhood schizophrenia.
- The most devastating problem for children with autistic spectrum disorder as they grow up is their lack of:
- social understanding.
- motor skills.
- intelligence.
- imagination.
- According to Piaget, the distinguishing characteristic of school-age children is that they are:
- imaginative.
- friendly.
- logical.
- fearless.
- When we revamp or change our old ways of thinking because of new information, Piaget calls this:
- assimilation.
- imitation.
- accommodation.
- historical context.
- The infant's first sensorimotor activities are:
- anticipation.
- first acquired adaptations.
- active experimentation.
- reflexes.
- Piaget's stage six of sensorimotor intelligence is known as:
- mental combinations.
- interesting observations.
- primary reactions.
- new adaptation and anticipation.
- Typically, stranger wariness is first noticeable at:
- 9 months.
- 12 months.
- 3 months.
- 4 months.
- Identify Erikson's second stage of development:
- attachment vs. self-awareness
- autonomy vs. shame and doubt
- synchrony vs. attachment
- pride vs. shame
- Which parenting style is preferred by Lemasters and DeFrain?
- the teacher-counselor parent
- the athletic coach
- the pal
- the martyr
- Preconventional morality involves:
- an emphasis on reward and punishment.
- the careful consideration of all options.
- an emphasis on laws and social order.
- trying to gain the approval of others.
- Lizzie is an extremely shy and anxious 8-year-old whom other children seem to dislike. She would be characterized as a(n):
- neglected child.
- withdrawn-rejected child.
- controversial child.
- aggressive-rejected child.
- The main concern about nutrition in middle childhood in the United States is:
- a lack of protein in the diet.
- the lack of calories taken in by children in this age group.
- the high number of children who are overweight or obese.
- the consumption of too much calcium.
- Stepfamilies reach the last stage of development:
- after all parents have remarried other partners.
- just prior to redivorce.
- after the first year.
- after about 7 years.
- At what age do children develop a theory of mind?
- 2 years of age
- 12 years of age
- 4 years of age
- 10 years of age
- You viewed a video in which Robin Williams helped children understand that his shoe was not alive. This illustrates:
- the law of conservation
- animism
- Centration
- egocentrism
- You viewed a video clip about theory of mind in which researchers found that children who develop a theory of mind early are more likely to:
- have an unusually large corpus callosum.
- feel anxiety about what other children may be thinking of them.
- have a wild imagination that can get them into trouble.
- are more popular with other children.
- An enduring emotional bond between people is known as:
- unionization.
- synchrony.
- attachment.
- love.
- A sign of secure attachment is:
- refusing to let go of the caregiver's arm.
- attempting to be close to the caregiver.
- playing aimlessly with no contact with the caregiver.
- expressing fear and anger at the caregiver.
- Expressions of insecure-resistant/ambivalent attachment include:
- playing happily.
- ignoring the caregiver.
- exploring a new toy.
- clinging to the caregiver.
- Which of the following IS NOT one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?
- existential intelligence
- bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
- culinary intelligence
- linguistic intelligence
- Identify the statement that best illustrates the cognitive concept called “identity.”
- “Even though they are an omelet now, they are still two eggs.”
- “If you'll let me have one of your cookies, I'll let you use my new crayons.”
- “If you give back my doll, we can be friends again.”
- “Mommy can make my scraped knee well again.”
- The term “holophrase” is used to denote:
- the use of two words to take the place of one.
- the infant's use of one word to express a whole thought.
- a word that is empty of meaning.
- the relationship of object permanence to language development.
- The theorist who believed that children learn language when they are reinforced by parental attention was:
- B. F. Skinner.
- Leo Vygotsky.
- Jean Piaget.
- Noam Chomsky.
- At 6 weeks of age, the infant is capable of:
- anger.
- laughter and curiosity.
- a social smile.
- stranger wariness.
- When a baby is upset because a caregiver is leaving, the baby is exhibiting:
- solitary fear.
- fear of isolation.
- separation anxiety.
- general anxiety.
- The first “crisis of life,” according to Erikson, is:
- trust vs. mistrust.
- industry vs. inferiority.
- the oral stage.
- autonomy vs. shame and doubt.