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1.6: Conclusion and References

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    Assessment in early childhood education serves as a foundational tool for supporting children's development, guiding instructional decisions, and ensuring program quality. Understanding the diverse purposes of assessment—ranging from planning instruction to determining special education eligibility—enables educators to implement meaningful and developmentally appropriate assessment practices. By embracing assessment as a collaborative and continuous process, early childhood professionals can create more inclusive and effective learning environments for all children.

    References

    Bagnato, S. J., Neisworth, J. T., & Pretti-Frontczak, K. 2010. Authentic Assessment for Early Childhood Intervention: Best Practices. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

    Bricker, D. 2002. Assessment, Evaluation, and Programming System for Infants and Children (AEPS). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.

    CDC (Centers for Disease Control). 2024. “Developmental Monitoring.” April 2, 2025. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/...0been%20missed.

    DEC (Division for Early Childhood). 2014. “DEC Recommended Practices.” April 2, 2025. http://www.dec-sped.org/dec-recommended-practices.

    DEC (Division for Early Childhood). 2021. “Position Statement on Multitiered Systems of Support Framework in Early Childhood.” April 2, 2025. https://www.dec-sped.org/single-post/new-position-statement-multitiered-system-of-support-framework-in-early-childhood.

    Epstein, A. S. 2011. The Intentional Teacher: Choosing the Best Strategies for Young Children's Learning. Washington, DC: NAEYC.

    Giangreco, Michael F., Jesse C. Suter, and Mary Beth Doyle. 2010. “Paraprofessionals in Inclusive Schools: A Review of Recent Research.” Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation 20 (1): 41–57. doi:10.1080/10474410903535356.

    Gredler, M. E. 2009. Learning and Instruction: Theory Into Practice. New York, NY: Pearson.

    Gullo, D. F. 2013. Assessment and Accountability in Early Childhood Education. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.

    Heckman, J. J., Moon, S. H., Pinto, R., Savelyev, P. A., & Yavitz, A. 2010. “The Rate of Return to the HighScope Perry Preschool Program.” Journal of Public Economics 94, no. 1-2, 114-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2009.11.001.

    Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 20 U.S.C. § 1400 et seq. 2004.

    McAfee, O., Leong, D. J., & Bodrova, E. 2004. Basics of Assessment: A Primer for Early Childhood Professionals. Washington, DC: NAEYC.

    McAfee, O., Leong, D. J., & Bodrova, E. 2016. Assessing and Guiding Young Children's Development and Learning. New York, NY: Pearson.

    McLachlan, C., Fleer, M., & Edwards, S. 2018. Early Childhood Curriculum: Planning, Assessment, and Implementation. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.

    National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). 2022. Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth Through Age 8 (4th ed.). Washington, DC: NAEYC.

    National Research Council (NRC). 2008. Early Childhood Assessment: Why, What, and How. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.

    Phillips, D. A., Lipsey, M. W., Dodge, K. A., Haskins, R., Bassok, D., Burchinal, M. R., Duncan, G. J., Dynarski, M., Magnuson, K. A., & Weiland, C. 2017. “Puzzling it Out: The Current State of Scientific Knowledge on Pre-kindergarten Effects.” April 2, 2025. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/consensus-statement_final.pdf.

    Pretti-Frontczak, K. 2015. "Early Childhood Assessment Purposes" [Video]. April 2, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TQanyOvGumg

    Shepard, L. A., Penuel, W. R., & Davidson, K. L. 2017. “Design Principles for New Systems of Assessment.” Phi Delta Kappan, 98, no. 6: 47-52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721717696478.

    Tout, K., Epstein, D., Soli, M., & Lowe, C. 2013. “A Blueprint for Early Care and Education Quality Improvement Initiatives.” Publication #2015-07. April 2, 2025. https://cms.childtrends.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/2015-07BlueprintEarlyCareandEd1.pdf.

    Yoshikawa, H., Weiland, C., Brooks-Gunn, J., Burchinal, M. R., Espinosa, L. M., Gormley, W. T., Ludwig, W. T., Magnuson, K. A., Phillips, D., & Zaslow, M. J. 2013. “Investing in Our Future: The Evidence Base on Preschool Education.” April 2, 2025. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED579818.pdf.

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