3.6: No Child Left Behind and President Bush
- Page ID
- 228263
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No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act (2002)
On January 8, 2002, President George W. Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001. This legislation governs elementary and secondary education in the United States. It is important legislation for students with disabilities because it ensures that they also reach high academic standards, just like other children in America’s public schools today.
The No Child Left Behind Act contains four basic education reform principles –
- stronger accountability for results
- increased flexibility and local school system control
- expanded options for parents
- an emphasis on teaching methods that have been proven to work (evidence-based)
The accountability for results principle has the potential to significantly improve the educational results demonstrated by all children with disabilities.
What is the difference between IDEA and NCLB?
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) specifically governs services that are provided to students with disabilities. It provides individual accountability through Individualized Educational Programs (IEPs) developed on the basis of each child’s unique needs.
No Child Left Behind (NCLB)complements the provisions in IDEA by providing public accountability at the school, district, and state levels for all students with disabilities. It builds on IDEA law, which requires the participation of students with disabilities in state and district-wide assessments.
The accountability requirements of No Child Left Behind hold schools accountable for the educational results of all children – including those with disabilities. Too often in the past, students with disabilities were excluded from assessments and accountability systems, and the consequence was that they did not receive the attention that they deserved. Access and exposure to the general curriculum for students with disabilities often did not occur, and there was no external measure to indicate whether they were learning enough to attend post-secondary educational institutions or enter the workforce.
The No Child Left Behind accountability system is defined in terms of Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP), a way to measure the improvement in achieving standards for all students each year. All students are to be assessed and included in accountability determinations for No Child Left Behind, and results must be reported for all students
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) is good for students with disabilities because it ensures that schools are held accountable for their educational results, just as the schools are held accountable for the educational results of students without disabilities.
Every Child Success Act (ESSA) (2015)
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) was signed by President Barack Obama on December 10, 2015. This bipartisan bill reauthorized the 50-year-old Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965. The previous version of the law, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act. Over time, NCLB's requirements lacked flexibility and parents, educators, and elected officials across the country recognized that a strong, updated law was necessary to expand opportunity to all students; support schools, teachers, and principals; and to strengthen our education system.
ESSA requires the same academic content and achievement standards for all students (except alternate academic achievement standards for students with the most significant cognitive disabilities). . All assessments must be developed, to the extent practicable, using principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL).
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)
- provides flexibility in the ways information is presented
- in the ways students respond or demonstrate knowledge and skills
- in the ways students are engaged
- reduces barriers in instruction
- provides appropriate accommodations, supports, and challenges
- maintains high achievement expectations for all students, including students with disabilities and students who are limited English proficient
Sources
- Accountability for Assessment Results in the No Child Left Behind Act – What It Means for Children with Disabilities . National Center on Educational Outcomes. University of Minnesota.
- ESSA: Key Provisions and Implications for Students with Disabilities. Council of Chief School Officers (CCSO). U.S. Department of Education,
- Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). U.S. Department of Education.