10.8: Justices Serving on the Court 1990 - 2009

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The following figures and tables include the names of the Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn scores for the indicated year. Each table also includes the name of the appointing President, the President’s party affiliation and the years each Justice served on the Court. The first Justice listed is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

1990

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1990

Justices serving on the Court, 1990
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	1.2	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.149	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
White	0.616	Kennedy	Democrat	1961-1993
Souter	0.968	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Blackmun	-1.181	Nixon	Republican	1969-1994
Stevens	-1.725	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
O’Connor	1.142	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Marshall	-4.322	Johnson	Democrat	1967-1991
Rehnquist	2.402	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1990
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.916	0.14

Oregon v. Smith 494 U.S. 872 (1990)

United States v. Eichman 496 U.S. 310 (1990)

1991

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1991

Justices serving on the Court, 1991
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.85	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.511	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
White	0.634	Kennedy	Democrat	1961-1993
Thomas	2.739	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	0.605	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Blackmun	-1.437	Nixon	Republican	1969-1994
Stevens	-2.163	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
O’Connor	0.697	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Rehnquist	2.136	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1991
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.753	0.73

1992

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1992

Justices serving on the Court, 1992
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	1.033	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.555	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
White	0.581	Kennedy	Democrat	1961-1993
Thomas	3.034	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	0.257	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Blackmun	-1.647	Nixon	Republican	1969-1994
Stevens	-2.37	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
O’Connor	0.85	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Rehnquist	2.071	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1992
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.853	0.71

Freeman v. Pitts 503 U.S. 467 (1992)

Planned Parenthood v. Casey 505 U.S. 833 (1992)

R.A.V. v. St Paul 505 U.S. 377 (1992)

Ward v. Rock Against Racism 491 U.S. 781 (1992)

1993

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1993

Justices serving on the Court, 1993
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.874	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.651	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.419	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.235	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Blackmun	-1.931	Nixon	Republican	1969-1994
Stevens	-2.579	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.211	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	1.014	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Rehnquist	1.881	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1993
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.82	0.54

Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah 508 U.S. 520 (1993)

Shaw v. Reno 509 U.S. 630 (1993)

Wisconsin v. Mitchell 508 U.S. 476 (1993)

1994

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1994

Justices serving on the Court, 1994
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.851	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.897	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.643	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.336	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.003	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.451	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.835	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.335	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.878	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1994
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.735	0.66

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc v. FCC 512 U.S. 622 (1994)

1995

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1995

Justices serving on the Court, 1995
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.746	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.181	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.737	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.38	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.266	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.532	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.874	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.505	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.849	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1995
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.689	0.63

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena 515 U.S. 200 (1995)

Hurley v. Irish GLB of Boston 515 U.S. 557 (1995)

Miller v. Johnson 515 U.S. 900 (1995)

Rosenberger v. Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia 515 U.S. 819 (1995)

1996

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1996

Justices serving on the Court, 1996
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.84	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.404	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.806	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.321	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.392	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.601	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.988	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.748	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.687	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1996
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.788	0.63

Bush v. Vera 517 U.S. 952 (1996)

Romer v. Evans 517 U.S. 620 (1996)

U.S. v. Virginia 518 U.S. 515 (1996)

1997

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1997

Justices serving on the Court, 1997
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.827	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.48	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.793	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.418	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.361	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.73	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	1.102	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.779	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.67	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1997
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.8	0.62

Mazurek v. Armstrong 520 U.S. 968 (1997)

Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union 521 U.S. 844 (1997)

Washington v. Glucksberg 521 U.S. 702 (1997)

1998

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1998

Justices serving on the Court, 1998
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.953	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.455	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.819	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.484	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.379	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-0.796	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	1.003	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.747	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.884	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1998
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.863	0.63

Hustler Magazine v. Falwell 485 U.S. 46 (1998)

National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley 524 U.S. 569 (1998)

1999

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 1999

Justices serving on the Court, 1999
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	1.092	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.537	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.772	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-0.934	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.319	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.25	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.891	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-0.781	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.747	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 1999
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.85	0.53

Saenz v. Roe 526 U.S. 489 (1999)

2000

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2000

Justices serving on the Court, 2000
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.971	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.535	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.797	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.21	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.143	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.487	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.604	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.228	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.685	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 2000
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.594	0.39

Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth 529 U.S. 217 (2000)

BSA v. Dale 530 U.S. 640 (2000)

Hill v. CO 530 U.S. 703 (2000)

Rice v. Cayetano 528 U.S. 495 (2000)

Sante Fe Independent School District v. Doe 530 U.S. 290 (2000)

United States et. al v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc. 529 U.S. 803 (2000)

2001

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2001

Justices serving on the Court, 2001
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	1.059	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.382	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.767	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.397	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-3.036	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.616	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.372	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.303	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.428	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 2001
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.371	0.30

United States v. Emerson 270 F.3d 203 (2001)

2002

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2002

Justices serving on the Court, 2002
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.902	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	3.091	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.898	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.514	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-2.924	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.683	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.263	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.309	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.262	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 2002
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.262	0.22

Republican Party of Minnesota v. White 536 U.S. 765 (2002)

Watchtower v. Stratton 536 U.S. 150 (2002)

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris 536 U.S. 639 (2002)

2003

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2003

Justices serving on the Court, 2003
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.771	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.927	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.92	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.66	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-2.914	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.754	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.224	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.23	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.396	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 2003
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.222	0.19

FEC v. Beaumont 539 U.S. 146 (2003)

Gratz v. Bollinger 539 U.S. 244 (2003)

Grutter v. Bollinger 539 U.S. 306 (2003)

Lawrence v. Texas 539 U.S. 558 (2003)

Virginia v. Black 538 U.S. 343 (2003)

2004

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2004

Justices serving on the Court, 2004
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.541	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.727	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.966	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.613	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Stevens	-2.909	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.683	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
O’Connor	0.12	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.067	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Rehnquist	1.459	Nixon	Republican	1971-2005

Chief Justice, 2004
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Rehnquist	0.111	0.17

2005

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2005

Justices serving on the Court, 2005
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.501	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.636	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	4.002	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.526	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Roberts	1.396	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Stevens	-2.858	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.572	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
Alito	1.429	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
O’Connor	0.072	Reagan	Republican	1981-2006
Breyer	-1.236	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022

Chief Justice, 2005
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Roberts (a)	0.044	0.28
Roberts (b)	0.499

McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky et al. 545 U.S. 844 (2005)

Van Orden v. Perry 545 U.S. 677 (2005)

2006

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2006

Justices serving on the Court, 2006
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.461	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.608	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.976	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.422	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Roberts	1.428	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Stevens	-2.817	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.684	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
Alito	1.465	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Breyer	-1.368	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022

Chief Justice, 2006
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Roberts	0.461	0.29

Donald H. Rumsfeld, Secretary of Defense, et al. v. Forum for Academic and Institutional Rights et al. 547 U.S. 47 (2006)

2007

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2007

Justices serving on the Court, 2007
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.412	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.458	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.842	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Souter	-1.495	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1990-2009
Roberts	1.418	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Stevens	-2.691	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.673	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
Alito	1.559	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Breyer	-1.279	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022

Chief Justice, 2007
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Roberts	0.412	0.28

Morse v. Frederick 551 U.S. 393 (2007)

Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 551 U.S. 701 (2007)

2008

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2008

Justices serving on the Court, 2008
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.522	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.312	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.494	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Roberts	1.394	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Stevens	-2.862	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.67	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
Alito	1.855	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Breyer	-1.321	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Sotomayor	-1.592	Obama	Democrat	2008-

Chief Justice, 2008
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Roberts	0.579	0.24

Crawford v. Marion County Election Board et al Indiana Democratic Party, et al v. Todd Rokita, Indiana Secretary of State, et al 553 U.S. 181 (2008)

District of Columbia v. Heller 554 U.S. 570 (2008)

2009

Justices serving on the Court and Martin Quinn Ideology scores, 2009

Justices serving on the Court, 2009
Justice	Mean	President	Party of President	Years Served
Kennedy	0.522	Reagan	Republican	1987-2018
Scalia	2.312	Reagan	Republican	1986-2016
Thomas	3.494	Bush, G.H.W	Republican	1991-
Roberts	1.394	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Stevens	-2.862	Ford	Republican	1975-2010
Ginsburg	-1.67	Clinton	Democrat	1993-2020
Alito	1.855	Bush, G.W	Republican	2005-
Breyer	-1.321	Clinton	Democrat	1994-2022
Sotomayor	-1.592	Obama	Democrat	2008-

Chief Justice, 2009
Chief Justice	Median	Court Score
Roberts	0.522	0.24

Pleasant Grove City v. Summum 555 U.S. 460 (2009)

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