7.8: Key Terms
- Page ID
- 292418
This page is a draft and is under active development.
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Migration Development Nexus
The relationship between migration and economic development, including both positive effects such as remittances and negative effects such as dependency.
Remittances
Financial transfers sent by migrants to individuals or communities in their countries of origin.
Circular Migration
Repeated movement between countries, often for temporary or seasonal work.
Global Care Chain
A transnational system in which caregiving labor is transferred across borders, often from poorer to wealthier households.
Brain Drain
The emigration of highly skilled individuals from developing countries to wealthier ones.
Brain Circulation
The movement of skilled individuals across borders in ways that enable knowledge exchange and return migration.
Knowledge Economy
An economic system in which growth is driven by education, innovation, and information.
Skills Waste
The underemployment of migrants whose qualifications are not recognized in destination countries.
Human Trafficking
The exploitation of individuals through coercion, deception, or force for labor or other purposes.
Modern Slavery
Contemporary systems of forced labor, debt bondage, and exploitation.
Debt Bondage
A form of forced labor in which individuals are trapped in work to repay debts.
Supply Chain Exploitation
The use of forced or underpaid labor within global production networks.
Intersectionality
An analytical framework that examines how overlapping identities such as gender, race, and class shape experiences of inequality.
Kafala System
A labor sponsorship system that ties migrant workers’ legal status to their employers.
Climate Migration
Displacement driven by environmental changes such as rising sea levels or extreme weather.
Slow Onset Displacement
Gradual migration caused by long term environmental changes rather than sudden disasters.
Smart Borders
Digital systems using biometrics, data analytics, and surveillance technologies to regulate mobility.
Digital Surveillance in Migration
The use of data and technology to monitor and control migrant movement.
Global Apartheid
A system of unequal mobility and rights structured by nationality, wealth, and global power hierarchies.
Birthright Lottery
The concept that citizenship and life opportunities are determined by place of birth.
Cosmopolitanism
An ethical perspective that emphasizes global moral responsibility beyond national borders.
Capabilities Approach
A framework that defines freedom as the ability to achieve valued ways of living.
Mobility Justice
An approach that examines fairness in who can move, how, and under what conditions.
Transnationalism
The maintenance of social, economic, and political connections across multiple countries.
Diaspora
Communities formed by people living outside their country of origin who maintain connections to it.
Ethnoscapes
Fluid global landscapes of people and movement that shape cultural and social life.
Migration Governance
The systems, policies, and institutions that regulate migration at national and international levels.