9.0: Phonetic Symbols
- Page ID
- 7051
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Vowels
Symbol | Feature | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Height | Backness | Roundness | Tenseness | |
*i | high | front | spread | tense |
ü(y) | high | front | round | tense |
ɪ | high | front | spread | lax |
*e | high mid | front | spread | tense |
ɛ | low mid | front | spread | lax |
æ | low | front | spread | lax |
*u | high | back | round | tense |
ɯ | high | back | spread | tense |
ʊ | high | back | round | lax |
*o | high mid | back | round | tense |
ɔ | low mid | back | round | lax |
α | low | back | spread | lax |
ɨ | high | center | spread | lax |
ʌ | mid | center | spread | lax |
ə | mid | center | spread | lax |
*a | low | center | spread | lax |
Consonants
Symbol | Feature | ||
---|---|---|---|
POA | MOA | Voice | |
p | bilabial | stop | vcls |
b | bilabial | stop | voiced |
m | bilabial | nasal | voiced |
ɸ | bilabial | fricative | voiceless |
β | bilabial | fricative | voiced |
w | labiovelar | approximant | voiced |
f | labiodental | fricative | vcls |
v | labiodental | fricative | voiced |
θ | dental | fricative | vcls |
ð | dental | fricative | voiced |
*t | alveolar | stop | vcls |
*d | alveolar | stop | voiced |
n | alveolar | nasal | voiced |
s | alveolar | fricative | vcls |
z | alveolar | fricative | voiced |
*r | alveolar | trill | voiced |
ɾ | alveolar | tap | voiced |
l | alveolar | lateral sonorant | voiced |
ɹ | retroflex | approximant | voiced |
č(ʧ) | postalveolar | affricate | vcls |
ǰ(ʤ) | postalveolar | affricate | voiced |
š(ʃ) | postalveolar | fricative | vcls |
ž(ʒ) | postalveolar | fricative | voiced |
ɲ | palatal | nasal | voiced |
y(j) | palatal | approximant | voiced |
k | velar | stop | vcls |
ŋ | velar | nasal | voiced |
g | velar | stop | voiced |
x | velar | fricative | vcls |
ɣ | velar | fricative | voiced |
q | uvular | stop | vcls |
ʔ | glottal | stop | vcls |
h | glottal | fricative | vcls |
Symbol | Example | Meaning |
---|---|---|
' | t' | glottalized, ejective |
h | th | aspirated |
̪ | d̪ | dental (as opposed to alveolar) |
: | e: | long |