2.13: Key Terms

Words to know  

• Algorithmic culture: Cultural production and consumption increasingly shaped by computational recommendation, ranking, and visibility systems.
• Artifacts: Material objects through which cultures express meaning.
• Attention economy: An economic environment in which human attention becomes a scarce resource that businesses seek to capture and monetize.
• Authenticity: A claim about whether a cultural practice or product is considered genuine or legitimate; authenticity is often contested.
• Biopiracy: Commercial use or patenting of biological resources or associated traditional knowledge without appropriate authorization or benefit-sharing.
• CARE Principles: Indigenous data-governance principles emphasizing Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics.
• Cultural appropriation: Adoption or use of cultural elements across group boundaries under circumstances involving questions of unequal power, context, consent, attribution, commercialization, or harm.
• Cultural diffusion: Movement of cultural practices, ideas, technologies, symbols, or institutions between places or populations.
• Cultural hearth: A place associated with the emergence or early concentration of a cultural practice or innovation.
• Cultural homogenization: Reduction of cultural difference through the spread of common products, institutions, media, or practices.
• Cultural hybridity: Creation of new cultural forms through interaction among multiple traditions or influences.
• Cultural imperialism: Unequal cultural influence through which powerful societies or institutions dominate transnational cultural production and circulation.
• Cultural sovereignty: Authority of communities to maintain, interpret, transmit, transform, and govern their own cultures and knowledge.
• Diaspora: A dispersed population maintaining historical, cultural, emotional, political, or social connections with a place of origin.
• Deterritorialization: Weakening of the assumption that culture and identity are necessarily tied to one fixed geographic place.
• Glocalization: Adaptation and reinterpretation of global forms within particular local contexts.
• Hallyu: The Korean Wave: the transnational circulation and popularity of South Korean popular culture.
• Hierarchical diffusion: Cultural diffusion through influential individuals, institutions, organizations, or social hierarchies.
• Indigenous data sovereignty: The principle that Indigenous peoples possess authority over data concerning their peoples, territories, cultures, and knowledge.
• Indigenous knowledge: Diverse knowledge systems developed and transmitted through Indigenous relationships among people, place, history, environment, and cultural practice.
• Intangible cultural heritage: Living cultural practices and knowledge including oral traditions, rituals, performing arts, craftsmanship, and knowledge concerning nature.
• Language revitalization: Deliberate efforts to increase use, transmission, and social vitality of an endangered or marginalized language.
• Mentifacts: Beliefs, values, ideas, symbols, and systems of knowledge through which people interpret the world.
• Platformization: Growing influence of digital platforms, infrastructures, markets, rules, and algorithms over cultural activity.
• Q-pop: A Kazakh popular-music movement influenced partly by global and Korean popular culture while developing distinctive Kazakh-language and cultural forms.
• Relocation diffusion: Cultural movement that occurs because people themselves migrate.
• Sociofacts: Institutions, relationships, norms, and organizational structures through which collective life is organized.
• Soft power: Influence produced through attraction, culture, reputation, values, and legitimacy rather than coercion.
• Stimulus diffusion: Diffusion in which an underlying idea is adopted and transformed rather than copied directly.
• Traditional cultural expressions: Cultural forms such as designs, stories, music, symbols, performances, and rituals maintained collectively or intergenerationally.
• Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK): Knowledge, practices, values, and relationships developed through long-term interaction with particular ecosystems.
• Transnationalism: Sustained relationships, identities, institutions, and practices operating across national borders.