Key Terms Chapter 01: Intro to Sociology
- Page ID
- 142974
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  | The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
| Word(s) | Definition | Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antipositivism | the view that social researchers should strive for subjectivity as they worked to represent social processes, cultural norms, and societal values | ||||
| Conflict Theory | a theory that looks at society as a competition for limited resources | ||||
| Constructivism | an extension of symbolic interaction theory which proposes that reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be | ||||
| Culture | a group's shared practices, values, and beliefs | ||||
| Dramaturgical Analysis | a technique sociologists use in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance | ||||
| Dynamic Equilibrium | a stable state in which all parts of a healthy society work together properly | ||||
| Dysfunctions | social patterns that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society | ||||
| Figuration | the process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of an individual and the society that shapes that behavior | ||||
| Function | the part a recurrent activity plays in the social life as a whole and the contribution it makes to structural continuity | ||||
| Functionalism | a theoretical approach that sees society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals that make up that society | ||||
| Generalized Others | the organized and generalized attitude of a social group | ||||
| Grand Theories | an attempt to explain large-scale relationships and answer fundamental questions such as why societies form and why they change | ||||
| Hypothesis | a testable proposition | ||||
| Latent Functions | the unrecognized or unintended consequences of a social process | ||||
| Macro-level | a wide-scale view of the role of social structures within a society | ||||
| Manifest Functions | sought consequences of a social process | ||||
| Micro-level Theories | the study of specific relationships between individuals or small groups | ||||
| Paradigms | philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and the experiments performed in support of them | ||||
| Positivism | the scientific study of social patterns | ||||
| Qualitative Sociology | in-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data | ||||
| Quantitative sociology | statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants | ||||
| Reification | an error of treating an abstract concept as though it has a real, material existence | ||||
| Significant Others | specific individuals that impact a person's life | ||||
| Social Facts | the laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life | ||||
| Social Institutions | patterns of beliefs and behaviors focused on meeting social needs | ||||
| Social Solidarity | the social ties that bind a group of people together such as kinship, shared location, and religion | ||||
| Society | a group of people who live in a defined geographical area who interact with one another and who share a common culture | ||||
| Sociological Imagination | the ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people, as well as to history in general and societal structures in particular | ||||
| Sociology | the systematic study of society and social interaction | ||||
| Symbolic Interactionism | a theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communication (language and symbols) | ||||
| Theory | a proposed explanation about social interactions or society | ||||
| Verstehen | a German word that means to understand in a deep way |