Key Terms Chapter 03: Culture
- Page ID
- 142978
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  | The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
| Word(s) | Definition | Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beliefs | tenets or convictions that people hold to be true | ||||
| Countercultures | groups that reject and oppose society’s widely accepted cultural patterns | ||||
| Cultural Imperialism | the deliberate imposition of one’s own cultural values on another culture | ||||
| Cultural Relativism | the practice of assessing a culture by its own standards, and not in comparison to another culture | ||||
| Cultural Universals | patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies | ||||
| Culture | shared beliefs, values, and practices | ||||
| Culture Lag | the gap of time between the introduction of material culture and nonmaterial culture’s acceptance of it | ||||
| Culture Shock | an experience of personal disorientation when confronted with an unfamiliar way of life | ||||
| Diffusion | the spread of material and nonmaterial culture from one culture to another | ||||
| Discoveries | things and ideas found from what already exists | ||||
| Ethnocentrism | the practice of evaluating another culture according to the standards of one’s own culture | ||||
| Folkways | direct, appropriate behavior in the day-to-day practices and expressions of a culture | ||||
| Formal Norms | established, written rules | ||||
| Globalization | the integration of international trade and finance markets | ||||
| High Culture | the cultural patterns of a society’s elite | ||||
| Ideal Culture | the standards a society would like to embrace and live up to | ||||
| Informal Norms | casual behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to | ||||
| Innovations | new objects or ideas introduced to culture for the first time | ||||
| Inventions | a combination of pieces of existing reality into new forms | ||||
| Language | a symbolic system of communication | ||||
| Material Culture | the objects or belongings of a group of people | ||||
| Mores | the moral views and principles of a group | ||||
| Nonmaterial Culture | the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society | ||||
| Norms | the visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are structured | ||||
| Popular Culture | mainstream, widespread patterns among a society’s population | ||||
| Real Culture | the way society really is based on what actually occurs and exists | ||||
| Sanctions | a way to authorize or formally disapprove of certain behaviors | ||||
| Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis | the way that people understand the world based on their form of language | ||||
| Social Control | a way to encourage conformity to cultural norms | ||||
| Society | people who live in a definable community and who share a culture | ||||
| Subcultures | groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society’s majority, even as the members exist within a larger society | ||||
| Symbols | gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them that are recognized by people who share a culture | ||||
| Values | a culture’s standard for discerning what is good and just in society | ||||
| Xenocentrism | a belief that another culture is superior to one’s own |