21.5: Key Terms
- Page ID
- 172409
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- acting crowds
- crowds of people who are focused on a specific action or goal
- alternative movements
- social movements that limit themselves to self-improvement changes in individuals
- assembling perspective
- a theory that credits individuals in crowds as behaving as rational thinkers and views crowds as engaging in purposeful behavior and collective action
- casual crowds
- people who share close proximity without really interacting
- collective behavior
- a noninstitutionalized activity in which several people voluntarily engage
- conventional crowds
- people who come together for a regularly scheduled event
- crowd
- a fairly large number of people who share close proximity
- crowdsourcing
- the process of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a large group of people
- diagnostic framing
- a the social problem that is stated in a clear, easily understood manner
- emergent norm theory
- a perspective that emphasizes the importance of social norms in crowd behavior
- expressive crowds
- crowds who share opportunities to express emotions
- flash mob
- a large group of people who gather together in a spontaneous activity that lasts a limited amount of time
- frame alignment process
- using bridging, amplification, extension, and transformation as an ongoing and intentional means of recruiting participants to a movement
- mass
- a relatively large group with a common interest, even if they may not be in close proximity
- modernization
- the process that increases the amount of specialization and differentiation of structure in societies
- motivational framing
- a call to action
- new social movement theory
- a theory that attempts to explain the proliferation of postindustrial and postmodern movements that are difficult to understand using traditional social movement theories
- NGO
- nongovernmental organizations working globally for numerous humanitarian and environmental causes
- prognostic framing
- social movements that state a clear solution and a means of implementation
- public
- an unorganized, relatively diffuse group of people who share ideas
- reform movements
- movements that seek to change something specific about the social structure
- religious/redemptive movements
- movements that work to promote inner change or spiritual growth in individuals
- resistance movements
- those who seek to prevent or undo change to the social structure
- resource mobilization theory
- a theory that explains social movements’ success in terms of their ability to acquire resources and mobilize individuals
- revolutionary movements
- movements that seek to completely change every aspect of society
- social change
- the change in a society created through social movements as well as through external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations
- social movement
- a purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal
- social movement industry
- the collection of the social movement organizations that are striving toward similar goals
- social movement organization
- a single social movement group
- social movement sector
- the multiple social movement industries in a society, even if they have widely varying constituents and goals
- value-added theory
- a functionalist perspective theory that posits that several preconditions must be in place for collective behavior to occur