8.3: The Emergence of Modern Primate Groups
- Page ID
- 158766
ORIGINS OF CROWN STREPSIRRHINES
Order: Primates; Suborder: Stresirrhini. Group containing lemurs, lorises, and galagos (does not include tarsiers)
The Fossil Record of Tarsiers
Climate Change and the Paleogeography of Modern Primate Origins
Competing Hypotheses for the Origin of Anthropoids
Adapoid Origin Hypothesis
Fibrocartilaginous joint between the left and right mandibular segments, located in the midline of the body.
Omomyoid Origin Hypothesis
Tarsier Origin Hypothesis
Early Anthropoid Fossils in Africa
General Morphology of Anthropoids
Bony ring or tube that holds the tympanic membrane (eardrum).
Fayum Anthropoid Families
Early Anthropoid Fossils in Asia
Eosimiids
Amphipithecids
Platyrrhine Dispersal to South America
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FIGURE ATTRIBUTIONS
Figure 8.3.1 Oligocene Map with Key Early Anthropoid Localities original to Explorations: An Open Invitation to Biological Anthropology by Elyssa Ebding at GeoPlace, California State University, Chico is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License. Localities based on p. 265 of Fleagle, John G. 2013. Primate Adaptation and Evolution, Third Edition. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Figure 8.3.2 Competing Trees for Anthropoid Origins by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.3 Egyptian workers sweeping Quarry I in the Fayum Basin (2004) by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.4 Elwyn Laverne Simons excavating Aegyptopithecus in the Fayum Basin used by permission of the Duke Lemur Center, Division of Fossil Primates.
Figure 8.3.5 Female and male cranium of A. zeuxis by Simons, Elwyn L., Erik R. Seiffert, Timothy M. Ryan, and Yousry Attia. Original from Simons, et al. 2007. A remarkable female cranium of the early Oligocene anthropoid Aegyptopithecus zeuxis (Catarrhini, Propliopithecidae). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104 (21): 8,731-8,736. doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703129104.
Figure 8.3.6 Cast of the right half of the mandible of Eosimias centennicus, type specimen, from K.D. Rose cast collection, photo by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.7 Casts of representative amphipithecid material from K.D. Rose cast collection, photo by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.8 Representative specimens of Homunculus patagonicus from K.D. Rose cast collection, photo by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.9a Cañadon Palos Field Locality in Argentina by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.
Figure 8.3.9b Swift Current Creek locality, Saskatchewan, Canada by Jonathan M. G. Perry is under a CC BY-NC 4.0 License.