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- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Orange_Coast_College/SOC_200%3A_Introduction_to_Sociology_Research_Methods_(Ridnor)/01%3A_Introduction_to_Research_Methods/1.02%3A_What_is_ScienceSocial sciences can be classified into disciplines such as sociology (the science of social groups), psychology (the science of human behaviors), and economics (the science of firms, markets, and econ...Social sciences can be classified into disciplines such as sociology (the science of social groups), psychology (the science of human behaviors), and economics (the science of firms, markets, and economies). For instance, a scientific experiment in physics, such as measuring the speed of sound through a certain media or the refractive index of water, should always yield the exact same results, irrespective of the time or place of the experiment, or the person conducting the experiment.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Arapahoe_Community_College/ESA_420%3A_Research_and_Design_for_Emergency_Services/07%3A_Survey_Research/7.01%3A_Questionnaire_SurveysA questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a set of questions (items) intended to capture responses from respondents in a standardized manner. Questions may be unstructured or structured. ...A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a set of questions (items) intended to capture responses from respondents in a standardized manner. Questions may be unstructured or structured. Unstructured questions ask respondents to provide a response in their own words, while structured questions ask respondents to select an answer from a given set of choices. Subjects’ responses to individual questions (items) on a structured questionnaire may be aggregated for statistical analysis.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Arapahoe_Community_College/ESA_420%3A_Research_and_Design_for_Emergency_Services/07%3A_Survey_Research/7.02%3A_Interview_SurveyPrepare for the interview: Since the interviewer is in the forefront of the data collection effort, the quality of data collected depends heavily on how well the interviewer is trained to do the job. ...Prepare for the interview: Since the interviewer is in the forefront of the data collection effort, the quality of data collected depends heavily on how well the interviewer is trained to do the job. The interviewer must be trained in the interview process and the survey method, and also be familiar with the purpose of the study, how responses will be stored and used, and sources of interviewer bias.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Arapahoe_Community_College/ESA_420%3A_Research_and_Design_for_Emergency_Services/01%3A_Science_and_Scientific_Research/1.03%3A_Scientific_ResearchThough both inductive and deductive research are important for the advancement of science, it appears that inductive (theory-building) research is more valuable when there are few prior theories or ex...Though both inductive and deductive research are important for the advancement of science, it appears that inductive (theory-building) research is more valuable when there are few prior theories or explanations, while deductive (theory-testing) research is more productive when there are many competing theories of the same phenomenon and researchers are interested in knowing which theory works best and under what circumstances.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Arapahoe_Community_College/ESA_420%3A_Research_and_Design_for_Emergency_Services/06%3A_SamplingSampling is the statistical process of selecting a subset (called a “sample”) of a population of interest for purposes of making observations and statistical inferences about that population. It is ex...Sampling is the statistical process of selecting a subset (called a “sample”) of a population of interest for purposes of making observations and statistical inferences about that population. It is extremely important to choose a sample that is truly representative of the population so that the inferences derived from the sample can be generalized back to the population of interest.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Arapahoe_Community_College/ESA_420%3A_Research_and_Design_for_Emergency_Services/01%3A_Science_and_Scientific_ResearchSome people will say that they routinely research different online websites to find the best place to buy goods or services they want. Businesses and consultants research different potential solutions...Some people will say that they routinely research different online websites to find the best place to buy goods or services they want. Businesses and consultants research different potential solutions to remedy organizational problems such as a supply chain bottleneck or to identify customer purchase patterns. However, none of the above can be considered “scientific research” unless: (1) it contributes to a body of science, and (2) it follows the scientific method.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Social_Work_and_Human_Services/Social_Science_Research_-_Principles_Methods_and_Practices_(Bhattacherjee)/13%3A_Qualitative_Analysis/13.01%3A_Grounded_TheoryThe ‘constant comparison’ process implies continuous rearrangement, aggregation, and refinement of categories, relationships, and interpretations based on increasing depth of understanding, and an ite...The ‘constant comparison’ process implies continuous rearrangement, aggregation, and refinement of categories, relationships, and interpretations based on increasing depth of understanding, and an iterative interplay of four stages of activities: comparing incidents/texts assigned to each category to validate the category), integrating categories and their properties, delimiting the theory by focusing on the core concepts and ignoring less relevant concepts, and writing theory using techniques …
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Social_Work_and_Human_Services/Social_Science_Research_-_Principles_Methods_and_Practices_(Bhattacherjee)/03%3A_The_Research_Process/3.03%3A_Common_Mistakes_in_ResearchBecause the research process involves a significant investment of time and effort on the researcher’s part, the researcher must be certain (and be able to convince others) that the research questions ...Because the research process involves a significant investment of time and effort on the researcher’s part, the researcher must be certain (and be able to convince others) that the research questions they seek to answer in fact deal with real problems (and not hypothetical problems) that affect a substantial portion of a population and has not been adequately addressed in prior research.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Social_Work_and_Human_Services/Social_Science_Research_-_Principles_Methods_and_Practices_(Bhattacherjee)/01%3A_Science_and_Scientific_Research/1.06%3A_History_of_Scientific_ThoughtBacon’s works led to the popularization of inductive methods of scientific inquiry, the development of the “scientific method” (originally called the “Baconian method”), consisting of systematic obser...Bacon’s works led to the popularization of inductive methods of scientific inquiry, the development of the “scientific method” (originally called the “Baconian method”), consisting of systematic observation, measurement, and experimentation, and may have even sowed the seeds of atheism or the rejection of theological precepts as “unobservable.”
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Workbench/June's_Famous_Book/05%3A_Untitled_Chapter_4/5.01%3A_Science_and_Scientific_ResearchSome people will say that they routinely research different online websites to find the best place to buy goods or services they want. Businesses and consultants research different potential solutions...Some people will say that they routinely research different online websites to find the best place to buy goods or services they want. Businesses and consultants research different potential solutions to remedy organizational problems such as a supply chain bottleneck or to identify customer purchase patterns. However, none of the above can be considered “scientific research” unless: (1) it contributes to a body of science, and (2) it follows the scientific method.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Workbench/June's_Famous_Book/05%3A_Untitled_Chapter_4/5.01%3A_Science_and_Scientific_Research/5.1.02%3A_Scientific_KnowledgeLikewise, the theory of optics explains the properties of light and how it behaves in different media, electromagnetic theory explains the properties of electricity and how to generate it, quantum mec...Likewise, the theory of optics explains the properties of light and how it behaves in different media, electromagnetic theory explains the properties of electricity and how to generate it, quantum mechanics explains the properties of subatomic particles, and thermodynamics explains the properties of energy and mechanical work.
