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- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/06%3A_Sensing_and_Perceiving/6.02%3A_SeeingA large part of our cerebral cortex is devoted to seeing, and we have substantial visual skills. Seeing begins when light falls on the eyes, initiating the process of transduction. Once this visual in...A large part of our cerebral cortex is devoted to seeing, and we have substantial visual skills. Seeing begins when light falls on the eyes, initiating the process of transduction. Once this visual information reaches the visual cortex, it is processed by a variety of neurons that detect colors, shapes, and motion, and that create meaningful perceptions out of the incoming stimuli.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/07%3A_States_of_Consciousness/7.01%3A_Prelude_to_States_of_ConsciousnessOur lives involve regular, dramatic changes in the degree to which we are aware of our surroundings and our internal states. While awake, we feel alert and aware of the many important things going on ...Our lives involve regular, dramatic changes in the degree to which we are aware of our surroundings and our internal states. While awake, we feel alert and aware of the many important things going on around us. Our experiences change dramatically while we are in deep sleep and once again when we are dreaming.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/09%3A_Emotions_and_Motivations/9.01%3A_Stress-_The_Unseen_KillerStress refers to the physiological responses that occur when an organism fails to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats. When it is extreme or prolonged, stress can create substantial...Stress refers to the physiological responses that occur when an organism fails to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats. When it is extreme or prolonged, stress can create substantial health problems. Stress is not unique to the experience of extremely traumatic events. It can also occur, and have a variety of negative outcomes, in our everyday lives.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/05%3A_Growing_and_Developing/5.03%3A_Adolescence_-_Developing_Independence_and_IdentityDuring adolescence, the child continues to grow physically, cognitively, and emotionally, changing from a child into an adult. The body grows rapidly in size and the sexual and reproductive organs bec...During adolescence, the child continues to grow physically, cognitively, and emotionally, changing from a child into an adult. The body grows rapidly in size and the sexual and reproductive organs become fully functional. At the same time, as adolescents develop more advanced patterns of reasoning and a stronger sense of self, they seek to forge their own identities, developing important attachments with people other than their parents.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/11%3A_Defining_Psychological_Disorders/11.03%3A_Mood_Disorders-_Emotions_as_IllnessThe everyday variations in our feelings of happiness and sadness reflect our mood, which can be defined as the positive or negative feelings that are in the background of our everyday experiences. In ...The everyday variations in our feelings of happiness and sadness reflect our mood, which can be defined as the positive or negative feelings that are in the background of our everyday experiences. In most cases we are in a relatively good mood, and this positive mood has some positive consequences—it encourages us to do what needs to be done and to make the most of the situations we are in (Isen, 2003).
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/02%3A_Brains_Bodies_and_Behavior
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/09%3A_Emotions_and_Motivations/9.0S%3A_9.S%3A_Emotions_and_Motivations_(Summary)The distinction between the primary and the secondary emotions is paralleled by two brain pathways: a fast pathway and a slow pathway. The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that our experience of...The distinction between the primary and the secondary emotions is paralleled by two brain pathways: a fast pathway and a slow pathway. The James-Lange theory of emotion proposes that our experience of an emotion is the result of the arousal that we experience. The two-factor theory of emotion asserts that the experience of emotion is determined by the intensity of the arousal we are experiencing, but that the cognitive appraisal of the situation determines what the emotion will be.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/10%3A_Personality/10.03%3A_Is_Personality_More_Nature_or_More_Nurture_Behavioral_and_Molecular_GeneticsIf nature is more important, then our personalities will form early in our lives and will be difficult to change later. If nurture is more important, however, then our experiences are likely to be par...If nature is more important, then our personalities will form early in our lives and will be difficult to change later. If nurture is more important, however, then our experiences are likely to be particularly important, and we may be able to flexibly alter our personalities over time. In this section we will see that the personality traits of humans and animals are determined in large part by their genetic makeup.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/09%3A_Emotions_and_Motivations/9.04%3A_The_Experience_of_EmotionThe most fundamental emotions, known as the basic emotions, are those of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The basic emotions have a long history in human evolution, and they hav...The most fundamental emotions, known as the basic emotions, are those of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise. The basic emotions have a long history in human evolution, and they have developed in large part to help us make rapid judgments about stimuli and to quickly guide appropriate behavior (LeDoux, 2000). The basic emotions are determined in large part by one of the oldest parts of our brain, the limbic system, including the amygdala, the hypothalamus, and the thalamus.
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/01%3A_The_Science_of_Psychology
- https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Courses/Rio_Hondo/Introduction_to_Psychology_2020_(Pilati)/07%3A_States_of_ConsciousnessThis chapter will discuss states of consciousness with a particular emphasis on sleep. The different stages of sleep will be identified, and sleep disorders will be described. The chapter will close w...This chapter will discuss states of consciousness with a particular emphasis on sleep. The different stages of sleep will be identified, and sleep disorders will be described. The chapter will close with discussions of altered states of consciousness produced by psychoactive drugs, hypnosis, and meditation.
