Nonverbal communication involves conveying messages without words, often through gestures, facial expressions, and body language. It varies significantly among individuals and cultures. While humans use these cues alongside verbal language, non-human primates primarily rely on a call system, which consists of 15-40 vocal sounds for communicating basic needs and emotions. This "closed" system lacks displacement and arbitrariness traits present in human language.
Thumbnail: Detail of the Rosetta Stone inscription. Major advances in the decoding were recognition that the stone offered three versions of the same text; that the demotic text used phonetic characters to spell foreign names; that the hieroglyphic text did so as well, and had pervasive similarities to the demotic; and that, in addition to being used for foreign names, phonetic characters were also used to spell native Egyptian words. (CC BY-SA 3.0;
Kajk).