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Unit Three - Core Attitudes

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    In Unit 3, we will look at core attitudes necessary to succeed in being an addiction counselor. First, we need to understand the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction and how the repetition of particular experiences (including trauma) modifies synaptic networks. The biopsychosocial model of addiction, which drives treatment approaches, considers the biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors that contribute to addiction. The unit then moves to a discussion of how society’s tolerance of negative norms sets the precedent for stigma, which is the cultural context within which treatment is provided.

    Next, we examine the case management model for SUDS treatment because it has been found to be effective in helping clients focus on treatment and remain in recovery.

    Finally, we look at the role supervision plays in developing successful addiction counselors. The unit concludes by discussing ethics and confidentiality. This is important because the counselor has an ethical obligation to benefit the client, avoid harm, and respect the client’s values and preferences.

    • 3.1: Addiction and the Brain- Development, Not Disease
      This page examines addiction through contrasting perspectives: the disease model, which frames it as a brain disorder influenced by neurobiology, and the developmental-learning model, which views it as a learned behavior rooted in normal brain processes and habits. The former emphasizes the need for medical approaches, while the latter highlights personal agency and neuroplasticity in recovery.
    • 3.2: The Neurobiology of Substance Use, Misuse, and Addiction
      This page examines the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction, particularly focusing on key brain regions like the basal ganglia, extended amygdala, and prefrontal cortex. It describes the cyclical nature of addiction, encompassing three stages: binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation, influenced by various risk factors including genetics, early life experiences, and co-occurring mental health disorders.
    • 3.3: The Best Explanation of Addiction I’ve Ever Heard
    • 3.4: Changing the Stigma of Mental Health and Addiction
    • 3.5: Stigma and Addiction
      This page emphasizes the need for non-stigmatizing language regarding addiction and substance use disorders (SUD). It highlights that stigma stems from misconceptions, leading to negative stereotypes that hinder help-seeking behaviors. The text advocates for person-first language, urging the use of respectful terms that distinguish individuals from their conditions.
    • 3.6: Case Management
      This page emphasizes the critical role of case management in substance abuse treatment, addressing the complex needs of clients through three phases: pretreatment, primary treatment, and aftercare. It highlights the necessity for structured approaches that include assessment and advocacy, and the importance of tailored interventions to foster trust and client engagement.
    • 3.7: Comprehensive Case Management for Substance Use Disorder Treatment
      This page discusses the importance of case management for patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and co-occurring mental health issues. It emphasizes the growth of case management in U.S. treatment programs and its role in enhancing patient engagement and retention. Key factors driving demand include the integration of medical and behavioral health and health crises.
    • 3.8: Finding Quality Treatment For Substance Use Disorders
      This page offers guidance from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration on accessing behavioral health treatment. It details three preparatory steps: contacting insurance, exploring state funding for the uninsured, and evaluating provider quality through five indicators. Additionally, it includes treatment locators for substance use and mental health services, and advises calling 911 or visiting an emergency room in emergencies.
    • 3.9: Case Management and Counseling Ethics
    • 3.10: Clinical Supervision and Professional Development of the Substance Abuse Counselor
      This page emphasizes the crucial role of clinical supervision in substance abuse treatment, focusing on the integration of theoretical knowledge with practical skills, cultural competence, and ethical standards. Key elements include the supervisor-supervisee relationship, tailored supervision methods, gatekeeping functions, management of dual relationships, and the importance of documentation.
    • 3.11: Navigating the Treacherous Territory of Addiction Counselor Supervision
    • 3.12: Frequently Asked Questions- Applying the Substance Abuse Confidentiality Regulations to Health Information Exchange (HIE)
      This page discusses the regulations on substance abuse confidentiality by SAMHSA and ONC, particularly focusing on the necessity of patient consent for sharing information within health information exchanges (HIEs) under Part 2 regulations. It outlines the conditions for using Qualified Service Organization Agreements (QSOAs), the requirements for consent forms, and the handling of patient information during medical emergencies.
    • 3.13: Disclosure Of Substance Use Disorder Patient Records- Does Part 2 Apply To Me?
      This page summarizes the 42 CFR Part 2 Program, which safeguards the confidentiality of Substance Use Disorder (SUD) patient records since 1975, outlining the need for patient consent for disclosures. It presents examples involving healthcare providers within Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs), specifically Dr. Fillmore, a Part 2 provider, and Dr. Pierce, who is not, highlighting compliance with Part 2 and HIPAA.
    • 3.14: Ethics Related to Mental Illnesses and Addictions
      This page reviews the complexities of mental health and addiction ethics, emphasizing the need for understanding, genuine engagement, and humane treatment in healthcare. It critiques media portrayals, societal double standards, and the balance between safety and autonomy. Issues of resource allocation, stigma, and systemic barriers to care are explored, along with the emerging field of neuroethics and the importance of comprehensive and equitable approaches.
    • 3.15: Addiction Counselor Ethics Part 1 and 2

    This page titled Unit Three - Core Attitudes is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Andrea Polites, Bruce Sewick, Jason Florin, and Julie Trytek (Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois (CARLI)) .