11.4: Causes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- Page ID
- 178871
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ADHD is generally accepted as a neurological disorder. Research has shown that the prefrontal lobe, the basal ganglia, and the cerebellum are impacted in individuals with ADHD (Krain & Castellanos, 2006). The prefrontal lobe plays a central role in cognitive control functions, influencing attention and impulse inhibition. The basal ganglia and cerebellum are associated with motor behavior and may play a role in controlling hyperactivity. There is also evidence that ADHD may be genetic. It is estimated that between 40 to 60% of children of a parent with ADHD will also have ADHD (National Institute of Mental Health, 2022; Smiley et al., 2022).
Krain, A., & Castellanos, F.X. (2006). Brain development and ADHD. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 433-444.
National Institute of Mental Health. (2022, September). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd
Smiley, L. R., Richards, S.B., & Taylor, R. (2022). Exceptional students: Preparing teachers for the 21st century (4th ed.). McGraw Hill.