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9.12: Vocabulary

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    Ambivalent sexism is the concept of gender stereotypical attitudes that encompasses both positive and negative qualities.

    Benevolent sexism is the “positive” element of ambivalent sexism, which recognizes that women are perceived as needing to be protected, supported, and adored by men

    Cisgender is a term for when a person’s birth sex corresponds with his/her gender identity and gender role

    Gender refers to the cultural, social, and psychological meanings that are associated with masculinity and femininity.

    Gender constancy refers to the awareness that gender is constant and does not change simply by changing external attributes; develops between 3 and 6 years of age

    Gender discrimination or sexism refers to differential treatment on the basis of gender

    Gender identity is a person’s psychological sense of being male or female.

    Gender roles are the behaviors, attitudes, and personality traits that are designated as either masculine or feminine in a given culture.

    Gender schema theory is a theory of how children form their own gender roles argues that children actively organize others’ behavior, activities, and attributes into gender categories or schemas.

    Gender stereotypes are the beliefs and expectations people hold about the typical characteristics, preferences, and behaviors of men and women.

    Hostile sexism refers to the negative element of ambivalent sexism, which includes the attitudes that women are inferior and incompetent relative to men.

    Sex refers to the biological category of male or female as defined by physical differences in genetic composition and in reproductive anatomy and function.

    Sexual orientation refers to the direction of emotional and erotic attraction toward members of the opposite sex, the same sex, or both sexes.

    Heterosexual refers to opposite-sex attraction.

    Homosexual refers to same-sex attraction.

    Intersex is a term for an individual born with either an absence or some combination of male and female reproductive organs, sex hormones, or sex chromosomes.

    Transgender is a term for a person whose gender identity or gender role does not correspond with his/her birth sex.

    This page titled 9.12: Vocabulary is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by L. D. Worthy, Trisha Lavigne, & Fernando Romero (Maricopa Open Digital Press) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request.