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2: Using Observation Methods, Tools and Techniques to Gather Evidence

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    Observing children as they play, learn, and socialize with others is an integral part of every early educator’s daily routine. According to the California Preschool Program Guidelines, when early caregivers and preschool teachers “regularly observe and document brief, subtle moments of children’s learning through play, those records help parents and others understand how useful and important play is in helping children to learn and grow” (p. 32-33). In this chapter, we will examine the various observation methods, tools and techniques that can be used to gather information about the children in your care. Although teachers may favor one method over the other, it is recommended that teachers utilize several methods, tools and techniques so that they can gather a well- rounded perspective of each child. To truly understand the “whole child” it is important to realize that observation and documentation is an ongoing process that begins with gathering “baseline data.”

    • 2.1: Taking the First Step - Gathering Baseline Data
      In order to truly measure the learning, growth, and development of a child over time, there needs to be a point of reference, or a starting point. Baseline data provides a starting point.
    • 2.2: Understanding the Child
      Many of the same tools and techniques you use to gather baseline data, you will continue to use to support the whole child. This includes screening, planning curriculum, and assessing development.
    • 2.3: Let’s Get Started
      Whether you are doing a planned observation, or you decide to do a spontaneous observation, you will need some essentials.
    • 2.4: A Closer Look at Observation Methods, Tools and Techniques
      This page highlights various observational methods for assessing children's development, including Running Records, Frequency Counts, Checklists, Anecdotal Records, Work Samples, and Learning Stories. Each method offers unique insights, from quantitative data to qualitative narratives. The importance of thorough documentation, organization, and family collaboration is emphasized.
    • 2.5: Conclusion and References
      This page emphasizes the role of intentional teachers in observing and listening to children to tailor support for their development. It discusses the importance of gathering observational data to set realistic expectations and create suitable learning activities. Additionally, it notes the significance of recognizing typical and atypical child development and mentions that future chapters will delve into more tools for monitoring a child's progress.

    This page titled 2: Using Observation Methods, Tools and Techniques to Gather Evidence is shared under a CC BY license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Gina Peterson and Emily Elam via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.