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asylum
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legal protection extended by one country to citizens of another.
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chain migration
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the process of sequential migration from the same community of origin.
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circular migration
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repeated pattern of movement between locations, usually associated with work.
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cultural hybridity
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the exchange and innovation within cultures that is a product of migration and globalization.
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diaspora
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the movement and dispersal of large ethnic groups from their homelands because of warfare, institutionalized violence, or opportunity (usually education or employment).
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displacement
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migration due to persecution, conflict, or violence; involves refugees and those seeking asylum.
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environmental migration
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displacement caused by natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or droughts.
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epidemic
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a disease that spreads more than expected among a given group of people.
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forced labor
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the recruitment, transportation, transfer, and/or harboring of persons by means of threat or use of force or coercion for the purpose of financial exploitation.
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forced migration
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migration due to persecution, conflict, or violence; involves refugees and those seeking asylum.
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human trafficking
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the recruitment, transportation, transfer, and/or harboring of persons by means of threat or use of force or coercion for the purpose of exploitation. A form of modern slavery.
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immigrant
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an individual who moves permanently from one country to another.
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internal migration
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the domestic movement of people from rural to urban areas.
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labor migration
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the movement of people for the purpose of employment and/or economic stability.
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migrant
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a person who moves from their place of origin to reestablish a household.
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migration
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movement from one place to another that reestablishes a household, whether temporarily or permanently.
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modern slavery
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the recruitment, transportation, transfer, and/or harboring of persons by means of threat or use of force or coercion for the purpose of exploitation.
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pandemic
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an outbreak of a disease over a broad area.
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peasants
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a rural, subsistence-based agricultural class with limited landholdings.
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postcolonialism
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enduring politico-economic relationships between former colonizers and their former colonies that continue to have negative effects on the former colonies after independence.
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remittances
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transfers of money from workers back to their home countries, usually for their families.
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transnationalism
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the construction of social, economic, and political networks that originate in one country and then cross or transcend nation-state boundaries.