Ch. 8 The Middle Ages in Europe Last updated Oct 13, 2022 Save as PDF 8.9: The Emperor Irene 9.1: The Germanic Tribes Page ID163724 ( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) 9.10: The Rise of Charlemagne9.11: Charlemagne’s Reforms9.12: Charles Martel and Pepin the Short9.13: The End of the Carolingians9.14: Rise of the Holy Roman Empire9.15: Administration of the Empire9.16: The Investiture Controversy9.17: The Anglo-Saxons9.18: The Norman Invasion of 1066 CE9.19: William the Conqueror’s Rule9.1: The Germanic Tribes9.20: The Magna Carta9.21: The Hundred Years’ War9.22: The Crusades9.23: The First Crusade9.24: The Second Crusade9.25: The Third Crusade9.26: The Fourth Crusade9.27: Feudalism9.28: The Manor System9.29: Trade and Commerce9.2: Odoacer and the Fall of Rome9.30: Daily Medieval Life9.31: Intellectual Life9.32: Arts and Sciences9.33: The Black Death9.3: Theoderic the Great9.4: The Vikings9.5: The Catholic Church9.6: The Development of Papal Supremacy9.7: The Rise of the Monasteries9.8: The Western Schism9.9: The Coronation of 800 CE