1: The History of Early Childhood Education
- Examine historical and theoretical frameworks as they apply to current early childhood practices.
This chapter covers the historical underpinnings of the field of Early Childhood Education. You will discover the various influences that have been used as principles that have shaped current practices in early childhood settings. As you begin your journey exploring the field that studies young children, you will come across several terms that are commonly used. While they are often used interchangeably, there are subtle differences which should be clarified at the start:
- Early Childhood: the stage of development from birth to age 8
- Child Development: the ways a child develops over time
- Early Childhood Education: the unique ways young children "learn" and the ways they are "taught". Part of the larger field of "education".
- Early Care and Education: A blend of the care young children need as well as the way they are "educated". Sometimes called "educare".
In this text we will use them interchangeably to mean the many ways children develop blended with their unique care and educational needs.
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- 1.1: Standards and Competencies
- The chapter focuses on early childhood education standards and competencies, specifically aligning with NAEYC guidelines. It emphasizes promoting child development, building family and community relationships, and developing professionalism. Key competencies include cultural diversity, health, safety, and special needs inclusion. Furthermore, it discusses ethical responsibilities to children, families, and society, as per the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct.
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- 1.2: History of Early Childhood Education
- Early Childhood Education has evolved significantly from its historical roots. Historically, children were often seen as lesser members of society, expected to behave like small adults and contribute to their family's livelihood. Education was a privilege restricted to certain societal classes. Parenting was guided by religious teachings, with little formal instruction on child-rearing.
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- 1.5: Interdisciplinary Influences
- Interdisciplinary approaches in Early Childhood Education draw on various fields such as medicine, psychology, and biology to enhance practices with children and families. This collective knowledge provides evidence to support effective teaching methods, environmental engagement, and curriculum development, often termed "best practices." The textbook will further illustrate the unique role of early childhood professionals within this context.
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- 1.7: In Closing
- This chapter discusses the historical influences on early childhood education, setting the foundation for exploring theoretical ideologies in the next chapter. It emphasizes the importance of understanding both historical and theoretical contexts to provide effective care and support for children's growth and development. Reflective questions encourage readers to consider how history impacts current practices and their roles as early childhood professionals.